Constitution-of-Pakistan-1973-MEGA-TEST Judiciary
313 questions · Judiciary
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Question 1 of 313
Under Article 265, the Constitution is to be called the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, and it came into force on:
ExplanationArticle 265 fixes the Constitution's commencement at 14 August 1973 — Pakistan's Independence Day — even though the National Assembly had approved the text on 10 April 1973.
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Question 2 of 313
Under Article 100(1), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), the Attorney-General for Pakistan must be a person qualified to be appointed a Judge of the:
ExplanationThe 27th Amendment substituted 'Federal Constitutional' for 'Supreme' in Article 100(1) — the Attorney-General's qualification is now tied to eligibility for appointment to the new Federal Constitutional Court.
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Question 3 of 313
Under Article 227's Explanation, when applying this Article to the personal law of a Muslim sect, 'Quran and Sunnah' means:
ExplanationThe Explanation to Article 227(1) respects sectarian diversity: for personal law, 'Quran and Sunnah' means the Quran and Sunnah as that specific Muslim sect interprets them — relevant to Sunni/Shia divergence in personal law matters.
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Question 4 of 313
Under Article 243(1), control and command of the Armed Forces vests in:
ExplanationArticle 243(1): 'The Federal Government shall have control and command of the Armed Forces' — with Supreme Command specifically vested in the President under clause (2).
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Question 5 of 313
Under Article 213(2), a person appointed Chief Election Commissioner must not be more than what age?
ExplanationArticle 213(2) sets the maximum age for CEC appointment at sixty-eight years, matching the age ceiling set by the 22nd Amendment (2016).
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Question 6 of 313
Under Article 50, Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) of Pakistan consists of the President and:
ExplanationArticle 50 defines Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) as consisting of the President and two Houses, the National Assembly and the Senate.
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Question 7 of 313
The reference to 'Federally Administered Tribal Areas' was omitted from Article 1 by which amendment?
ExplanationThe Constitution (Twenty-fifth Amendment) Act, 2017 (effective 31 May 2018) omitted the FATA reference from Article 1, mainstreaming the tribal areas into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
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Question 8 of 313
Under Article 51(6)(b), for National Assembly women's seats, each Province is treated as:
ExplanationArticle 51(6)(b): each Province forms a single constituency for all its allocated women's seats, filled through proportional representation of party lists (sub-clause (d)).
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Question 9 of 313
Under Article 200(4), a High Court Judge who does not accept a transfer must be proceeded against under Article 209 within:
ExplanationArticle 200(4) requires Supreme Judicial Council proceedings under Article 209 to begin within thirty days if a transferred Judge declines the transfer, and the Judge cannot perform functions until the Council decides.
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Question 10 of 313
The Federal Constitutional Court was created by which constitutional amendment?
ExplanationChapter 1A (Articles 175B-175L), establishing the Federal Constitutional Court, was inserted in its entirety by the Constitution (Twenty-seventh Amendment) Act, 2025, effective 13 November 2025.
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Question 11 of 313
Article 12 (protection against retrospective punishment) prohibits a law from punishing a person for an act that:
ExplanationArticle 12(1)(a) bars punishing a person for an act or omission that was not punishable by law at the time it was done.
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Question 12 of 313
Article 202A, inserted by the 26th Amendment (2024), establishes:
ExplanationArticle 202A creates Constitutional Benches within each High Court; once in force for a given High Court, only those Benches — not ordinary Benches — may exercise the Court's Article 199 writ jurisdiction.
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Question 13 of 313
Under Article 81(a), remuneration payable to the President and the Judges of the superior judiciary is classified as:
ExplanationArticle 81(a) lists the President's remuneration and that of the Judges of the Federal Constitutional Court, Supreme Court, and Islamabad High Court as charged expenditure — not subject to a National Assembly vote.
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Question 14 of 313
Article 21 protects a person from being compelled to pay a special tax whose proceeds are spent on:
ExplanationArticle 21: no person shall be compelled to pay a special tax the proceeds of which are spent on propagating or maintaining a religion other than his own.
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Question 15 of 313
Under Article 62(1)(c), the minimum age for membership of the Senate is:
ExplanationArticle 62(1)(c) requires a Senate candidate to be not less than thirty years of age and enrolled as a voter in the relevant area.
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Question 16 of 313
Under Article 251(1), arrangements for Urdu to be used for official purposes were to be made within how many years of the commencing day?
ExplanationArticle 251(1) set a fifteen-year timeline for implementing Urdu as the language of official business — a deadline that, in practice, has seen significant delay in full implementation.
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Question 17 of 313
Under Article 260(3)(b), the definition of 'non-Muslim' expressly includes, among named groups:
ExplanationArticle 260(3)(b), inserted by the Second Amendment (1974) and refined by the Third Amendment Order (1985), explicitly names the Qadiani/Lahori groups (Ahmadis) among the categories constitutionally defined as non-Muslim, alongside Christian, Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Parsi, and Bahai communities.
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Question 18 of 313
Under Article 235(1), before proclaiming a financial emergency, the President must consult:
ExplanationArticle 235(1) requires prior consultation with the Governors of the Provinces, or the Governor of the specific Province concerned, before a financial emergency is proclaimed.
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Question 19 of 313
Under Article 105(3), inserted with reference to the 27th Amendment, when the Governor dissolves the Provincial Assembly, the care-taker Cabinet is appointed in accordance with:
ExplanationArticle 105(3)(b) requires the care-taker Cabinet to be appointed in accordance with Article 224 or, as the case may be, Article 224A, mirroring Article 48(5)(b) for the President.
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Question 20 of 313
Under Article 175A(3), as amended, the Chief Justice of the FCC or Supreme Court is nominated by the Special Parliamentary Committee from amongst:
ExplanationArticle 175A(3) requires the Special Parliamentary Committee to select the Chief Justice nominee from among the three most senior Judges of the relevant Court — departing from the older strict-seniority-only rule.
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Question 21 of 313
Under Article 203C, Ulema Judges of the Federal Shariat Court must have at least how many years of experience in Islamic law, research or instruction?
ExplanationArticle 203C requires Ulema Judges (of whom there may be not more than three) to have at least fifteen years of experience in Islamic law, research, or instruction.
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Question 22 of 313
Under Article 41(3), the President is elected by an electoral college consisting of:
ExplanationArticle 41(3), as substituted by P.O. 14 of 1985, provides for election by an electoral college of the members of both Houses of Parliament and the members of the Provincial Assemblies, per the Second Schedule.
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Question 23 of 313
Under Article 60(2), the term of office of the Senate Chairman or Deputy Chairman is:
ExplanationArticle 60(2), as amended by the 8th Amendment (1985), sets the Chairman/Deputy Chairman's term at three years from the day he enters office (substituted for the earlier 'two' years).
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Question 24 of 313
What happened to Article 186 (the Supreme Court's advisory jurisdiction)?
ExplanationArticle 186 (Presidential references for advisory opinions) was entirely omitted by the 27th Amendment; this jurisdiction now belongs to the Federal Constitutional Court under Article 175H.
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Question 25 of 313
Article 2A makes the Objectives Resolution part of the Constitution:
ExplanationArticle 2A, inserted by P.O. 14 of 1985, makes the principles and provisions of the Objectives Resolution (reproduced in the Annex) 'substantive part of the Constitution' with effect accordingly.
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Question 26 of 313
Under Article 139(1), all executive actions of the Provincial Government are expressed to be taken in the name of:
ExplanationArticle 139(1) mirrors Article 99 for the Federal Government: Provincial executive actions are formally taken in the Governor's name, even though real power rests with the Chief Minister.
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Question 27 of 313
Under Article 47(2), a notice to move a resolution for removal or impeachment of the President requires the support of at least:
ExplanationArticle 47(2) requires not less than one-half of the total membership of either House to give written notice of intention to move such a resolution.
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Question 28 of 313
Under Article 100(2), as amended by the 18th Amendment, the Attorney-General, while holding office, shall:
ExplanationArticle 100(2), amended by the 18th Amendment, bars the Attorney-General from engaging in private practice for as long as he holds the office.
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Question 29 of 313
Under Article 91(2), the National Assembly must meet within how many days following a general election, unless sooner summoned?
ExplanationArticle 91(2), as substituted by the 18th Amendment, requires the National Assembly to meet on the twenty-first day following the general election, unless the President summons it sooner.
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Question 30 of 313
Under Article 243(8), a Field Marshal, Marshal of the Air Force, or Admiral of the Fleet may be removed from office only on grounds and in the manner provided under:
ExplanationArticle 243(8) grants these officers, described as 'national heroes,' removal protection modelled on Article 47 — the same elaborate procedure used to remove a sitting President.
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Question 31 of 313
Under Article 128(2)(a), a Governor's Ordinance, if not laid before or disapproved, stands repealed after how many days from promulgation (before any extension)?
ExplanationArticle 128(2)(a), as amended by the 18th Amendment, sets the Governor's Ordinance lapse period at ninety days — shorter than the President's 120-day period under Article 89, though it may be extended once by 120 more days.
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Question 32 of 313
Article 33 directs the State to discourage:
ExplanationArticle 33: 'The State shall discourage parochial, racial, tribal, sectarian and provincial prejudices among the citizens.'
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Question 33 of 313
Under Article 228(5), a member of the Islamic Council holds office for a period of:
ExplanationArticle 228(5) fixes a three-year term for Council of Islamic Ideology members, subject to earlier resignation or removal.
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Question 34 of 313
Under Article 232(7), a Proclamation of Emergency must be laid before a joint sitting summoned within how many days of issuance?
ExplanationArticle 232(7) requires the President to summon a joint sitting within thirty days of issuing a Proclamation of Emergency.
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Question 35 of 313
Under Article 114, as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), no discussion may take place in a Provincial Assembly regarding the conduct of a Judge of:
ExplanationArticle 114, mirroring Article 68 for Parliament, was amended by the 27th Amendment to add the Federal Constitutional Court to the list of courts whose judges' conduct cannot be discussed.
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Question 36 of 313
Under Article 51(6)(a), general seats in the National Assembly are filled through:
ExplanationArticle 51(6)(a): constituencies for general seats are single-member territorial constituencies, with members elected by direct and free vote.
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Question 37 of 313
Under Article 239(1), a Constitution Amendment Bill may originate:
ExplanationArticle 239(1), as it stands after the Revival of Constitution Order 1985, allows an amendment Bill to originate in either House of Parliament.
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Question 38 of 313
Under Article 219, the Election Commission's duties include:
ExplanationArticle 219 lists a broad set of ECP responsibilities, including preparing and revising electoral rolls, organizing Senate elections and casual vacancies, and delimiting constituencies.
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Question 39 of 313
Under the proviso to Article 27(1) as amended, posts may be reserved for under-represented classes or areas in the service of Pakistan for a period not exceeding how many years from the commencing day?
ExplanationThe 16th Amendment (1999) substituted 'forty' years for the earlier 'twenty' years (itself substituted for 'ten' years by P.O. 14 of 1985) as the period for which quota-based reservation of posts under Article 27(1) is permitted.
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Question 40 of 313
Under Article 11(3), no child below the age of how many years shall be engaged in a factory, mine or hazardous employment?
ExplanationArticle 11(3) prohibits engaging a child below fourteen years of age in any factory, mine, or other hazardous employment.
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Question 41 of 313
Under Article 228(2), the Council of Islamic Ideology shall consist of not less than eight and not more than how many members?
ExplanationArticle 228(2), as amended, sets the Council's membership at not less than eight and not more than twenty members (the upper limit was raised from an original fifteen).
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Question 42 of 313
Under Article 63A(5), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), an appeal against an Election Commission decision on defection now lies to the:
ExplanationThe 27th Amendment substituted 'Federal Constitutional' for 'Supreme' in Article 63A(5), so defection appeals now go to the new Federal Constitutional Court, to be decided within ninety days.
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Question 43 of 313
Under Article 211, the Supreme Judicial Council's proceedings, its report to the President, and a Judge's removal under Article 209(6) are:
ExplanationArticle 211 completely ousts judicial review of Supreme Judicial Council proceedings, its report, and the resulting removal — a strong finality provision.
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Question 44 of 313
Article 270AA, inserted by the 8th Amendment (1985), primarily served to:
ExplanationArticle 270AA is a validating/indemnifying transitional provision, protecting acts, laws, and Orders made during General Zia-ul-Haq's martial law period (1977-1985) from being challenged after the Constitution's revival.
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Question 45 of 313
Article 172 addresses ownership of property that has no rightful owner (bona vacantia); such property, if situated in Pakistan, vests in:
ExplanationArticle 172(1) provides that any property that has no rightful owner (and would otherwise pass to the State as bona vacantia) vests in the Federal Government, unless it is situated within a Province, in which case it vests in the Provincial Government.
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Question 46 of 313
Under Article 203C(2), the Federal Shariat Court consists of not more than how many Muslim Judges, including the Chief Justice?
ExplanationArticle 203C(2) caps the Federal Shariat Court at not more than eight Muslim Judges, including the Chief Justice, appointed by the President in accordance with Article 175A.
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Question 47 of 313
Under the proviso to Article 92(1), Federal Ministers and Ministers of State who are members of the Senate shall not exceed what fraction of the number of Federal Ministers?
ExplanationArticle 92(1)'s first proviso caps Senate-member Ministers at not more than one-fourth of the number of Federal Ministers.
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Question 48 of 313
The Fifth Schedule to the Constitution governs:
ExplanationThe Fifth Schedule, referenced by Article 205, sets out the remuneration and service terms for Judges of the superior courts.
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Question 49 of 313
Under Article 130(11), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), the Chief Minister may appoint not more than how many Advisers?
ExplanationThe 27th Amendment substituted 'seven' for the earlier 'five' Adviser limit in Article 130(11), mirroring the identical change made to the Prime Minister's Adviser limit in Article 93(1).
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Question 50 of 313
Under the Transitional provisions (Part XII, Ch 7), Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) is empowered to, by law, amend certain scheduled laws:
ExplanationArticle 267 (and related transitional articles) allowed a limited window after the Constitution's commencement for removing practical difficulties arising from the switch from the interim constitutional order to the 1973 Constitution.
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Question 51 of 313
Under Article 169, the Auditor-General's functions in relation to Federal and Provincial accounts are determined by:
ExplanationArticle 169 makes the Auditor-General's precise functions and powers a matter for an Act of Parliament to determine — currently the Auditor-General's (Functions, Powers and Terms and Conditions of Service) Ordinance, 2001.
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Question 52 of 313
Under Article 10(4), preventive detention beyond three months requires review by the appropriate Review Board, which for a Federal-law detention consists of a Chairman and two others who are or have been Judges of:
ExplanationExplanation-I to Article 10(4) defines the Federal Review Board as appointed by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, consisting of a Chairman and two others each of whom is or has been a Judge of the Supreme Court or a High Court.
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Question 53 of 313
Under Article 175D, the Chief Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court takes his oath before:
ExplanationArticle 175D: the Chief Justice of the FCC takes his oath before the President; other FCC Judges take theirs before the Chief Justice of the FCC.
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Question 54 of 313
Under Article 175A(3E), meetings of the Special Parliamentary Committee are held:
ExplanationArticle 175A(3E) requires Committee meetings to be held in camera (privately), while still requiring the proceedings to be recorded.
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Question 55 of 313
Under Article 171, the Auditor-General's reports relating to the accounts of the Federation are submitted to the President, who must lay them before:
ExplanationArticle 171 requires the President to cause the Auditor-General's federal audit reports to be laid before the National Assembly, enabling parliamentary financial oversight.
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Question 56 of 313
Under Article 49, if the office of President becomes vacant by death, resignation or removal, who acts as President pending a fresh election?
ExplanationArticle 49(1) provides that the Chairman of the Senate, or if he is unable, the Speaker of the National Assembly, shall act as President until a new President is elected.
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Question 57 of 313
Under Article 52, the National Assembly, unless sooner dissolved, continues for a term of:
ExplanationArticle 52 fixes the National Assembly's term at five years from the day of its first meeting, after which it stands dissolved.
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Question 58 of 313
Under Article 91(9), a Minister who is not a member of the National Assembly for six consecutive months shall cease to be a Minister, EXCEPT a Minister who is:
ExplanationArticle 91(9)'s proviso exempts a Minister who is a member of the Senate from this six-month rule, since Senators are not members of the National Assembly by definition.
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Question 59 of 313
Under Article 17(3), every political party shall account for the source of its funds:
ExplanationArticle 17(3): 'Every political party shall account for the source of its funds in accordance with law.'
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Question 60 of 313
Under Article 127(g), the minimum sitting-days requirement that applies to the National Assembly under Article 54(2) is modified for Provincial Assemblies to:
ExplanationArticle 127(g), as amended by the 18th Amendment, substitutes 'one hundred' for the National Assembly's 'one hundred and thirty' working days when applying Article 54(2) to Provincial Assemblies.
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Question 61 of 313
Under Article 199(3), a High Court's Article 199 powers generally do NOT extend to matters concerning:
ExplanationArticle 199(3) excludes Armed Forces members' service-related matters from ordinary High Court Article 199 relief — a long-standing carve-out preserving military justice separation.
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Question 62 of 313
Article 16 (Freedom of assembly) guarantees citizens the right to assemble:
ExplanationArticle 16 guarantees peaceful, unarmed assembly, subject to reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of public order.
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Question 63 of 313
Under Article 222, the power to make provisions regulating electoral matters (subject to the Constitution) is vested in:
ExplanationArticle 222 empowers Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) to make law, subject to the Constitution, for matters relating to elections — the constitutional basis for the Elections Act, 2017.
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Question 64 of 313
Article 35 directs the State to protect:
ExplanationArticle 35: 'The State shall protect the marriage, the family, the mother and the child.'
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Question 65 of 313
Under Article 59(1)(a), how many Senate seats are elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly on general seats?
ExplanationArticle 59(1)(a): fourteen Senate seats shall be elected by the members of each Provincial Assembly (i.e., 14 per province).
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Question 66 of 313
Under Article 174, the Federal Government or a Provincial Government may sue and be sued by the name of:
ExplanationArticle 174 permits legal proceedings to be brought by or against the Federal or a Provincial Government using the simple designations 'Pakistan' or 'the Province of [name]'.
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Question 67 of 313
Under Article 24(4), the adequacy of compensation for compulsorily acquired property:
ExplanationArticle 24(4) expressly ousts judicial review of the adequacy of compensation fixed under a law for compulsory acquisition of property.
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Question 68 of 313
Under Article 182, an ad hoc Judge may be requested from a former Supreme Court Judge only if, since ceasing to hold that office, less than how many years have elapsed?
ExplanationArticle 182(a) permits requesting a former Supreme Court Judge to sit as an ad hoc Judge only if fewer than three years have passed since he ceased holding that office.
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Question 69 of 313
Under Article 48(5), where the President dissolves the National Assembly, he must appoint a general election date not later than how many days from the dissolution?
ExplanationArticle 48(5)(a) requires the President, on dissolving the National Assembly, to appoint an election date not later than ninety days from the date of dissolution.
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Question 70 of 313
Under Article 160(2)(a), one duty of the NFC is to recommend to the President the:
ExplanationArticle 160(2)(a) is the NFC's central function: recommending how nationally-collected tax revenue should be divided between the Federation and the Provinces.
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Question 71 of 313
Under Article 226, elections to fill a seat in Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) or a Provincial Assembly (other than reserved seats) shall be held by:
ExplanationArticle 226 mandates secret ballot for general-seat elections to Parliament and Provincial Assemblies, a core safeguard for free and fair elections.
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Question 72 of 313
The Council of Common Interests is chaired by:
ExplanationArticle 153(2)(a) makes the Prime Minister the Chairman of the Council of Common Interests, which also includes the four provincial Chief Ministers and three Federal Government nominees.
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Question 73 of 313
Under Article 209(2), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), the Supreme Judicial Council's membership now includes Chief Justices/Judges from BOTH:
ExplanationArticle 209(2), rewritten by the 27th Amendment, now draws members from both the FCC and Supreme Court (their Chief Justices, one senior Judge each, plus a jointly-nominated member) in addition to the two most senior High Court Chief Justices — a significant expansion from the older Supreme-Court-only composition.
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Question 74 of 313
Article 253 empowers Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) to prescribe:
ExplanationArticle 253 gives Parliament the power to fix maximum limits on any class of property — historically relevant to land reform legislation in Pakistan.
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Question 75 of 313
Under Article 203F, an appeal against certain Federal Shariat Court decisions lies to:
ExplanationArticle 203F provides for appeals from the Federal Shariat Court to the Supreme Court, historically heard by a Shariat Appellate Bench of the Supreme Court.
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Question 76 of 313
Article 14(2) specifically prohibits torturing a person for the purpose of:
ExplanationArticle 14(2): 'No person shall be subjected to torture for the purpose of extracting evidence.' Clause (1) separately protects the dignity of man and, subject to law, privacy of home.
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Question 77 of 313
Article 15 (Freedom of movement) guarantees every citizen the right to:
ExplanationArticle 15 guarantees the right to remain in, and (subject to reasonable restrictions in the public interest) enter and move freely throughout Pakistan, and to reside and settle in any part of it.
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Question 78 of 313
What happened to Article 191A (Constitutional Benches of the Supreme Court), which had been inserted by the 26th Amendment in 2024?
ExplanationArticle 191A — which had created Constitutional Benches within the Supreme Court just one year earlier (26th Amendment, 2024) — was itself omitted by the 27th Amendment (2025), since that specialized constitutional jurisdiction was transferred wholesale to the newly created Federal Constitutional Court.
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Question 79 of 313
Under Article 248, criminal proceedings against a sitting President or Governor:
ExplanationArticle 248 shields a sitting President or Governor from criminal proceedings being instituted or continued against him during his term of office — though civil proceedings and post-term prosecution are treated differently under the Article's other clauses.
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Question 80 of 313
Under Article 107, a Provincial Assembly's term, unless sooner dissolved, is:
ExplanationArticle 107 fixes the Provincial Assembly's term at five years from its first meeting, mirroring the National Assembly's term under Article 52.
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Question 81 of 313
Under Article 228(3)(c), not less than one-third of Council members must have been engaged in Islamic research or instruction for at least:
ExplanationArticle 228(3)(c) requires at least one-third of members to have fifteen years' experience in Islamic research or instruction.
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Question 82 of 313
Under Article 95(2), a no-confidence resolution must be voted upon not before how many days, and not later than how many days, from when it was moved?
ExplanationArticle 95(2) sets a voting window: not before three days, and not later than seven days, from the day the resolution was moved.
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Question 83 of 313
Article 25(3) permits the State to make special provision for the protection of:
ExplanationArticle 25(3): nothing in Article 25 shall prevent the State from making special provision for the protection of women and children — an exception carved out of the general equality guarantee.
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Question 84 of 313
Under Article 209, Explanation I, who chairs the Supreme Judicial Council?
ExplanationArticle 209(2), Explanation I mirrors the same chairmanship rule used for the Judicial Commission: the more senior of the two Chief Justices (FCC and Supreme Court) chairs the Supreme Judicial Council.
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Question 85 of 313
Under Article 198(3), the Lahore High Court is required to have Benches at:
ExplanationArticle 198(3) names the mandatory Bench locations for each High Court; for the Lahore High Court, these are Bahawalpur, Multan and Rawalpindi.
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Question 86 of 313
Under Article 51(4), how many National Assembly seats are reserved for non-Muslims?
ExplanationArticle 51(4): 'there shall be, in the National Assembly, ten seats reserved for non-Muslims,' in addition to the general and women's seats allocated by province.
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Question 87 of 313
Under Article 141, Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) may make laws for the whole or any part of Pakistan, including laws having:
ExplanationArticle 141 expressly empowers Parliament to make laws with extra-territorial operation, for the whole or any part of Pakistan, while a Provincial Assembly's power is confined to its own Province.
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Question 88 of 313
Under Article 30(2), the validity of an action or law CANNOT be challenged in court on the ground that it is not in accordance with:
ExplanationArticle 30(2) makes the Principles of Policy non-justiciable: no action shall lie, and validity cannot be questioned, on the ground of non-conformity with the Principles of Policy — unlike Fundamental Rights, which are enforceable.
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Question 89 of 313
Under Article 29(2), observance of a Principle of Policy dependent on resources being available is regarded as:
ExplanationArticle 29(2) makes a Principle of Policy's observance 'subject to the availability of resources' where the Principle depends on such resources.
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Question 90 of 313
Under Article 175A(3), notwithstanding the general rule, the first Chief Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court was to be appointed by the President from amongst:
ExplanationArticle 175A(3)'s second proviso required the President, on the Prime Minister's advice, to appoint the very first Chief Justice of the FCC from amongst the sitting Judges of the Supreme Court — a one-time transitional rule.
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Question 91 of 313
Under Article 175E(3), the Federal Constitutional Court may exercise Article-199-type powers for enforcing Fundamental Rights matters of public importance, but only if:
ExplanationArticle 175E(3)'s proviso requires that this public-importance fundamental-rights jurisdiction only be exercised upon an application filed by a person — mirroring the old Article 184(3) mechanism, now moved to the FCC.
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Question 92 of 313
Under Article 153, the Council of Common Interests is appointed by:
ExplanationArticle 153(1) establishes the Council of Common Interests, to be appointed by the President.
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Question 93 of 313
Under Article 93(1), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), the President may appoint how many Advisers on the Prime Minister's advice?
ExplanationThe 27th Amendment (2025) substituted 'seven' for the earlier limit of 'five' Advisers in Article 93(1).
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Question 94 of 313
Under Article 142(b), as substituted by the 18th Amendment, both Parliament and a Provincial Assembly have power to make laws on:
ExplanationArticle 142(b), rewritten by the 18th Amendment after the Concurrent List's abolition, specifically preserves concurrent (shared) legislative competence over criminal law, criminal procedure and the law of evidence.
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Question 95 of 313
Under Article 4(1), the right to enjoy the protection of law and to be treated in accordance with law is described as:
ExplanationArticle 4(1) extends this right not only to every citizen wherever he may be, but also to every other person for the time being within Pakistan.
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Question 96 of 313
Under Article 175E(1), the Federal Constitutional Court has exclusive original jurisdiction over:
ExplanationArticle 175E(1) gives the FCC exclusive original jurisdiction over inter-governmental disputes — the same jurisdiction the Supreme Court held under the old Article 184(1) before the 27th Amendment transferred it to the FCC.
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Question 97 of 313
Article 45 empowers the President to grant pardon, reprieve and respite, and to remit, suspend or commute any sentence passed by:
ExplanationArticle 45 gives the President a broad clemency power covering sentences passed by 'any court, tribunal or other authority.'
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Question 98 of 313
The authority to be exercised by the people of Pakistan, per the Preamble, is described as:
ExplanationThe Preamble calls the authority exercised by the people 'a sacred trust' delegated within limits prescribed by Allah.
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Question 99 of 313
Under Article 101(1), a Governor is appointed by the President:
ExplanationArticle 101(1), as substituted by the 18th Amendment, provides that the Governor is appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister.
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Question 100 of 313
Under Article 232(7)(a), a Proclamation of Emergency ceases to be in force after two months unless approved by:
ExplanationArticle 232(7)(a): the Proclamation lapses after two months unless a resolution of the joint sitting of both Houses has approved it before that period expires.
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Question 101 of 313
Article 32 directs the State to encourage local government institutions with special representation for:
ExplanationArticle 32 specifically calls for special representation of peasants, workers and women in local government institutions.
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Question 102 of 313
Under Article 175B(1), the Federal Constitutional Court must have, from each Province:
ExplanationArticle 175B(1)'s proviso requires the FCC to have an equal number of Judges from each Province, plus at least one Judge from the Islamabad High Court (whose number may never exceed that of any single Province).
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Question 103 of 313
The First Schedule to the Constitution lists:
ExplanationThe First Schedule lists laws exempted from Article 8's general rule that laws inconsistent with Fundamental Rights are void — historically covering laws pre-dating the Constitution that needed a transitional shield.
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Question 104 of 313
Article 157 deals with disputes concerning:
ExplanationArticle 157 addresses electricity-related federal-provincial coordination, including the siting of power stations and inter-provincial transmission lines.
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Question 105 of 313
Under Article 140A(1), each Province shall, by law, establish a local government system and devolve responsibility to:
ExplanationArticle 140A(1), inserted by the 18th Amendment (2010), constitutionally mandates devolution of political, administrative and financial authority to elected local government representatives.
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Question 106 of 313
Under Article 243(7), when the Federal Government promotes an officer to Field Marshal, Marshal of the Air Force, or Admiral of the Fleet, that officer:
ExplanationArticle 243(7), inserted by the 27th Amendment (2025), grants these top honorary ranks lifetime retention of rank, privileges, and uniform — reflecting the recent Field Marshal promotion of the Army Chief.
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Question 107 of 313
Under Article 1(3), new States or areas may be admitted into the Federation by:
ExplanationArticle 1(3) empowers Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) to admit new States or areas into the Federation by law, on terms and conditions it thinks fit.
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Question 108 of 313
Under Article 239(5), a Bill to amend the Constitution that would alter the limits of a Province additionally requires:
ExplanationArticle 239(5) adds a safeguard for provincial boundaries: a two-thirds vote in the affected Provincial Assembly is required before such an amendment can be presented to the President.
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Question 109 of 313
Under Article 173, the executive authority of the Federation and of a Province extends, subject to law, to the:
ExplanationArticle 173(1) extends Federal and Provincial executive authority to acquiring, holding and disposing of property, and to entering into contracts, subject to law and the Constitution.
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Question 110 of 313
Under Article 185(2)(d), a civil appeal lies to the Supreme Court as of right if the value of the dispute is not less than:
ExplanationArticle 185(2)(d)'s monetary threshold was raised by the 26th Amendment (2024) from fifty thousand rupees to one million rupees for an as-of-right civil appeal.
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Question 111 of 313
Under Article 10(2), a person arrested and detained in custody must be produced before a magistrate within:
ExplanationArticle 10(2) requires production before a magistrate within 24 hours of arrest, excluding the time necessary for the journey from the place of arrest to the nearest magistrate's court.
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Question 112 of 313
Under Article 106(3)(a), general seats in a Provincial Assembly are filled by:
ExplanationArticle 106(3)(a) mirrors the National Assembly rule: general seats are single-member territorial constituencies filled by direct and free vote.
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Question 113 of 313
Under Article 207(2), a former Judge of a superior court may not hold an office of profit in the service of Pakistan before the expiration of how many years after ceasing to hold office (with specific exceptions)?
ExplanationArticle 207(2) imposes a two-year 'cooling off' period before a former superior court Judge may take an office of profit in Pakistan's service — with named exceptions like judicial/quasi-judicial offices, Chief Election Commissioner, or the Council of Islamic Ideology.
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Question 114 of 313
Under Article 175(1), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), the superior courts of Pakistan named in the Constitution now include:
ExplanationArticle 175(1), as amended, now names the Federal Constitutional Court first, alongside the Supreme Court, a High Court for each Province, the Islamabad High Court, and such other courts as may be established by law.
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Question 115 of 313
Under Article 140A(2), elections to local governments shall be held by:
ExplanationArticle 140A(2), inserted by the 18th Amendment, mandates that local government elections be conducted by the Election Commission of Pakistan, not provincial authorities.
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Question 116 of 313
Under Article 236(2), the validity of a Proclamation or Order issued under Part X:
ExplanationArticle 236(2) ousts judicial review of emergency Proclamations and Orders — their validity 'shall not be called in question in any court.'
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Question 117 of 313
Under Article 143, where a Provincial Assembly Act is repugnant to a competent Act of Parliament, which prevails?
ExplanationArticle 143 establishes federal supremacy in case of conflict: Parliament's Act prevails regardless of the order of enactment, and the Provincial Act is void to the extent of the repugnancy.
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Question 118 of 313
Under Article 200(1), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), a High Court Judge may be transferred to another High Court on the recommendation of:
ExplanationArticle 200(1), rewritten by the 27th Amendment, now channels High Court judge transfers through a recommendation of the Judicial Commission of Pakistan, with both High Courts' Chief Justices sitting as Commission members for that purpose.
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Question 119 of 313
Under Article 212(3), an appeal from an Administrative Court or Tribunal to the Supreme Court lies only if:
ExplanationArticle 212(3) restricts Administrative Court/Tribunal appeals to Supreme Court leave-to-appeal cases involving a substantial question of law of public importance — not an automatic right of appeal.
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Question 120 of 313
Article 40 directs the State to strengthen fraternal relations among Muslim countries based on:
ExplanationArticle 40 commits the State to preserving and strengthening fraternal relations among Muslim countries based on Islamic unity, alongside promoting international peace generally.
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Question 121 of 313
Under Article 231, the Islamic Council's own procedural rules are made by the Council itself, subject to:
ExplanationArticle 231 requires the Islamic Council's rules of procedure to have the President's approval.
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Question 122 of 313
Under Article 142(c), a Provincial Assembly (not Parliament) has power to legislate on matters:
ExplanationArticle 142(c) gives residuary legislative power to the provinces: any matter not in the Federal Legislative List (and not covered by the shared criminal-law competence in (b)) belongs to the Provincial Assembly.
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Question 123 of 313
Under Article 116(2), when a Bill is presented to the Governor for assent, he must act within:
ExplanationArticle 116(2), as amended by the 18th Amendment, gives the Governor ten days to assent or (for non-Money Bills) return the Bill for reconsideration — mirroring Article 75 for the President.
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Question 124 of 313
Article 166 empowers the executive authority of the Federation to extend to borrowing upon the security of:
ExplanationArticle 166 permits the Federation to borrow on the security of the Federal Consolidated Fund, subject to any limits Parliament may fix by law.
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Question 125 of 313
Under Article 199(1)(b)(ii), the power to require a public office-holder to show under what authority he holds that office corresponds to the writ of:
ExplanationArticle 199(1)(b)(ii) is Pakistan's constitutional basis for quo warranto — challenging a person's authority to hold a public office.
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Question 126 of 313
Article 10A, guaranteeing the right to a fair trial and due process, was inserted by the:
ExplanationArticle 10A was inserted by the Constitution (Eighteenth Amendment) Act, 2010, guaranteeing every person a fair trial and due process for determination of civil rights/obligations or any criminal charge.
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Question 127 of 313
Under Article 160(1), the National Finance Commission consists of the Federal Finance Minister, the Provincial Finance Ministers, and:
ExplanationArticle 160(1) rounds out NFC membership with other persons the President appoints after consultation with the Provincial Governors.
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Question 128 of 313
Under Article 6(2A), an act of high treason cannot be validated by which courts (as amended by the 27th Amendment, 2025)?
ExplanationThe 27th Amendment (2025) inserted a reference to the newly created Federal Constitutional Court into Article 6(2A), which now bars the Federal Constitutional Court, Supreme Court and a High Court from validating any act of high treason.
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Question 129 of 313
Article 31(2)(a) directs the State to make compulsory, for Muslims, the teaching of:
ExplanationArticle 31(2)(a) commits the State to making the teaching of the Holy Quran and Islamiat compulsory and to encouraging the learning of Arabic.
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Question 130 of 313
Under Article 22(1), a student cannot be required to receive religious instruction or attend religious worship if it relates to:
ExplanationArticle 22(1) protects a student only from instruction, ceremony or worship relating to a religion other than his own — not from all religious content.
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Question 131 of 313
Article 3 commits the State to elimination of exploitation on the principle:
ExplanationArticle 3 states the State shall ensure elimination of exploitation and the gradual fulfilment of the principle 'from each according to his ability to each according to his work'.
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Question 132 of 313
Article 18 (Freedom of trade, business or profession) expressly permits, among other things:
ExplanationThe proviso to Article 18 preserves the State's power to regulate a trade or profession by a licensing system, to regulate trade/commerce/industry in the interest of free competition, and to run State enterprises.
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Question 133 of 313
Under Article 75(2), if the President fails to act within ten days on a Bill returned and re-passed by Parliament, assent is:
ExplanationArticle 75(2): once Parliament re-passes a returned Bill by joint-sitting majority and re-presents it, presidential assent is deemed given if not given within ten days.
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Question 134 of 313
Article 2 of the Constitution provides that:
ExplanationArticle 2 is a single-sentence Article: 'Islam shall be the State religion of Pakistan.'
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Question 135 of 313
Under Article 195, a High Court Judge holds office until age:
ExplanationArticle 195, as amended by the 17th Amendment (2003), sets the High Court retirement age at sixty-five (raised from the earlier sixty-two).
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Question 136 of 313
Under Article 168(3), the Auditor-General holds office for a term of four years from assuming office, or until he attains what age, whichever is earlier?
ExplanationArticle 168(3) fixes the Auditor-General's tenure at four years or age sixty-five, whichever comes first — whichever limit is reached sooner ends the term.
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Question 137 of 313
Under Article 243(4), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), the Chief of the Army Staff now also concurrently holds the title of:
ExplanationThe 27th Amendment (2025) restructured Article 243(4)(a): the Chief of the Army Staff is now appointed concurrently as the Chief of the Defence Forces, unifying command across the three services.
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Question 138 of 313
In Part II of the Constitution, 'the State' is defined under Article 7 to include all of the following EXCEPT:
ExplanationArticle 7 defines 'the State' as the Federal Government, Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament), a Provincial Government, a Provincial Assembly, and local or other authorities empowered by law to impose a tax or cess. A private company is not included.
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Question 139 of 313
Under Article 175H, the Federal Constitutional Court's advisory jurisdiction is triggered when:
ExplanationArticle 175H(1) mirrors the Supreme Court's old advisory jurisdiction (Article 186): the President alone may refer a question of law of public importance to the FCC for its opinion.
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Question 140 of 313
Article 250 governs:
ExplanationArticle 250 addresses the salaries and allowances of high constitutional officeholders including the President, Governors, and Judges — ensuring these terms cannot be arbitrarily varied to their disadvantage during their tenure.
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Question 141 of 313
Article 8(3)(a) excludes which category of law from the general rule that laws inconsistent with Fundamental Rights are void?
ExplanationArticle 8(3)(a) exempts laws relating to members of the Armed Forces, police, or similar forces charged with maintaining public order, where the law ensures proper discharge of duties or maintenance of discipline among them.
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Question 142 of 313
Under Article 115(1), a Money Bill in a Provincial Assembly requires the consent of the:
ExplanationArticle 115(1) requires that a Money Bill or a Bill involving expenditure from the Provincial Consolidated Fund not be introduced except by or with the consent of the Provincial Government.
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Question 143 of 313
Under the proviso to Article 130(5), there is:
ExplanationArticle 130(5)'s proviso, mirroring Article 91(5) for the Prime Minister, states there shall be no restriction on the number of terms for the office of Chief Minister.
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Question 144 of 313
Under Article 41(6), the validity of the President's election:
ExplanationArticle 41(6) expressly ousts judicial and other review: the validity of the President's election 'shall not be called in question by or before any court or other authority.'
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Question 145 of 313
Under Article 260(3)(a), as substituted in 1985, a 'Muslim' is defined for constitutional and legal purposes as a person who believes in the unity and oneness of Almighty Allah and:
ExplanationArticle 260(3)(a) defines 'Muslim' by belief in Allah's unity plus the absolute finality of Muhammad's (PBUH) Prophethood — and by NOT recognizing any post-Prophet claimant as a prophet or religious reformer.
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Question 146 of 313
Article 249 deals with:
ExplanationArticle 249 addresses the general continuation and validity of legal proceedings across constitutional transitions, complementing the immunity framework of Article 248.
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Question 147 of 313
Under Article 239(7), it is declared for removal of doubt that Parliament's power to amend the Constitution:
ExplanationArticle 239(7) declares Parliament's amending power to be without limitation — it may add, modify, or repeal any provision of the Constitution, subject only to the procedural requirements of Article 239 itself.
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Question 148 of 313
Under Article 234(3), a Proclamation under this Article ceases to be in force at the expiration of two months unless approved, and in any case cannot remain in force for more than:
ExplanationArticle 234(3) caps a Governor's Rule Proclamation at a maximum of six months in total, even with extensions of up to two months at a time.
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Question 149 of 313
Under Article 59(1), as currently in force, the Senate consists of how many members?
ExplanationArticle 59(1), as substituted by the 25th Amendment (2018) after the FATA seats were omitted, fixes the Senate at ninety-six members.
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Question 150 of 313
According to the Preamble, sovereignty over the entire universe belongs to:
ExplanationThe Preamble opens by declaring that sovereignty over the entire universe belongs to Almighty Allah alone, and that the authority exercised by the people of Pakistan within limits prescribed by Him is a sacred trust.
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Question 151 of 313
Article 246 of the Constitution deals with the definition and classification of:
ExplanationArticle 246 defines and classifies Pakistan's Tribal Areas, including what were historically termed Provincially Administered Tribal Areas (PATA).
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Question 152 of 313
Under Article 62(2), the disqualifications under paragraphs (d) and (e) relating to Islamic character and knowledge do NOT apply to:
ExplanationArticle 62(2) exempts non-Muslims from the Islamic-character qualifications in 62(1)(d) and (e), substituting a requirement of good moral reputation.
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Question 153 of 313
Article 155 empowers the Council of Common Interests to adjudicate complaints regarding:
ExplanationArticle 155 gives the Council jurisdiction over complaints of interference with water supplies from any natural source or reservoir — a critical inter-provincial water-sharing mechanism.
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Question 154 of 313
Under Article 130(6), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), the total strength of a Provincial Cabinet shall not exceed how many members, or what percentage of total Assembly membership, whichever is higher?
ExplanationThe 27th Amendment (2025) raised the Provincial Cabinet cap in Article 130(6) from fifteen members/eleven percent to seventeen members or thirteen percent of total Assembly membership, whichever is higher.
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Question 155 of 313
Under Article 227(3), Part IX's Islamic conformity requirement:
ExplanationArticle 227(3) is an explicit protective clause: nothing in Part IX affects the personal laws of non-Muslim citizens, nor their status as citizens of Pakistan.
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Question 156 of 313
Under Article 241, rules and orders in force immediately before the commencing day continue in force:
ExplanationArticle 241 is a transitional bridge: pre-existing civil service rules stay valid until superseded by an Article 240 law, provided they don't conflict with the Constitution.
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Question 157 of 313
Article 36 obliges the State to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of:
ExplanationArticle 36 directs the State to safeguard minorities' legitimate rights and interests, including their due representation in Federal and Provincial services.
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Question 158 of 313
Under Article 225, an election to a seat in Parliament or a Provincial Assembly may be challenged:
ExplanationArticle 225 channels election disputes exclusively into the election-petition process prescribed by law (heard by Election Tribunals), rather than through ordinary civil litigation or writ jurisdiction.
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Question 159 of 313
Under Article 175L(1), the permanent seat of the Federal Constitutional Court is at:
ExplanationArticle 175L(1) fixes Islamabad as the FCC's permanent seat, though clause (2) allows it to sit elsewhere with the Chief Justice's designation and the President's prior approval.
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Question 160 of 313
The Constitution of Pakistan was adopted, enacted and given by the people through their representatives in the:
ExplanationThe Preamble's final clause states the people, through their representatives in the National Assembly, adopt, enact and give themselves the Constitution.
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Question 161 of 313
Under Article 68, as amended, no discussion may take place in Parliament regarding the conduct of a Judge of:
ExplanationArticle 68 bars parliamentary discussion of the conduct of a Judge of the Federal Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court, or a High Court in the discharge of judicial duties — the FCC reference was added by the 27th Amendment (2025).
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Question 162 of 313
Under Article 59(3), the Senate is not subject to dissolution, and its members serve a term of:
ExplanationArticle 59(3): the Senate is a permanent, non-dissolvable House whose members serve a six-year term, with roughly half retiring every three years.
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Question 163 of 313
Under Article 238, the Constitution may be amended by:
ExplanationArticle 238: 'Subject to this Part, the Constitution may be amended by Act of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament).'
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Question 164 of 313
Under Article 44(2), a person may hold the office of President for:
ExplanationArticle 44(2) allows re-election but caps consecutive tenure: 'no person shall hold that office for more than two consecutive terms.'
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Question 165 of 313
Under Article 154, the Council of Common Interests formulates and regulates policy on matters in:
ExplanationArticle 154(1) charges the Council with formulating and regulating policy on matters in Part II of the Federal Legislative List (such as railways, major ports, electricity, and national planning) and supervising related institutions.
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Question 166 of 313
Under Article 8(1), a law inconsistent with the Fundamental Rights conferred by Chapter 1 is:
ExplanationArticle 8(1): any law, custom or usage having force of law that is inconsistent with the Chapter 1 rights is void 'to the extent of such inconsistency' — a partial, not wholesale, invalidity rule.
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Question 167 of 313
Under Article 230(4), as amended by the 26th Amendment (2024), the Islamic Council must submit its final report within how many years of its appointment?
ExplanationArticle 230(4) sets a seven-year deadline for the Council's final report, alongside a requirement to submit annual interim reports in the meantime.
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Question 168 of 313
Under Article 54(3), on a requisition by not less than one-fourth of the total membership, the Speaker must summon the National Assembly within:
ExplanationArticle 54(3) requires the Speaker to summon the Assembly within fourteen days of receiving a requisition signed by at least one-fourth of the total membership.
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Question 169 of 313
Under Article 203D, the standard the Federal Shariat Court applies is repugnancy to the Injunctions of Islam as laid down in:
ExplanationArticle 203D(1) anchors the FSC's repugnancy jurisdiction specifically to the Holy Quran and the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (PBUH).
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Question 170 of 313
Article 9A, guaranteeing the right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment, was inserted by which amendment?
ExplanationArticle 9A was inserted by the Constitution (Twenty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2024, with effect from 21 October 2024, entitling every person to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment.
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Question 171 of 313
Article 20 guarantees, subject to law, public order and morality, the right of every citizen to:
ExplanationArticle 20(a) guarantees every citizen the right to profess, practise and propagate his religion; Article 20(b) gives every religious denomination the right to establish and manage its own religious institutions.
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Question 172 of 313
Under Article 62(1)(b), the minimum age for membership of the National Assembly is:
ExplanationArticle 62(1)(b) requires a National Assembly candidate to be not less than twenty-five years of age and enrolled as a voter.
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Question 173 of 313
Under Article 168(2), before entering office, the Auditor-General takes his oath before:
ExplanationArticle 168(2) requires the Auditor-General to take his oath, in the Third Schedule form, before the Chief Justice of Pakistan.
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Question 174 of 313
Under Article 227(1), all existing laws shall be brought into conformity with the Injunctions of Islam as laid down in:
ExplanationArticle 227(1) is the master repugnancy clause: all existing laws must conform to Islam's Injunctions as laid down in the Holy Quran and Sunnah, and no new repugnant law may be enacted.
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Question 175 of 313
Under Article 46 (as substituted by the 18th Amendment), it is the duty of the Prime Minister to keep the President informed on:
ExplanationArticle 46 obliges the Prime Minister to keep the President informed on all matters of internal and foreign policy, and on all legislative proposals the Federal Government intends to bring before Parliament.
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Question 176 of 313
Under Article 17(2), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), a Federal Government declaration that a political party is prejudicial to Pakistan's sovereignty must be referred within 15 days to the:
ExplanationThe 27th Amendment substituted 'Federal Constitutional Court of Pakistan' for 'Supreme Court' in Article 17(2) — the reference on banning a political party now goes to the new Federal Constitutional Court, whose decision is final.
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Question 177 of 313
Under Article 203E(4), a party before the Federal Shariat Court may be represented by a legal practitioner who is a Muslim, enrolled as a High Court advocate for at least how many years, or alternatively by:
ExplanationArticle 203E(4) allows representation either by a Muslim advocate with at least five years' High Court enrolment (or a Supreme Court advocate), or by a jurisconsult — an Aalim well-versed in Shariat — drawn from the Court's own panel.
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Question 178 of 313
Under Article 213(1), the Chief Election Commissioner is appointed by:
ExplanationArticle 213(1): 'There shall be a Chief Election Commissioner... who shall be appointed by the President,' now on the recommendation of a Parliamentary Committee process introduced by the 18th Amendment.
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Question 179 of 313
Under Article 229, as amended by the 26th Amendment (2024), a House or Provincial Assembly must refer a repugnancy question to the Islamic Council if requested by what fraction of its total membership?
ExplanationThe 26th Amendment (2024) lowered the threshold in Article 229 from two-fifths to one-fourth of total membership for triggering a mandatory reference to the Islamic Council.
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Question 180 of 313
Under Article 168(1), the Auditor-General of Pakistan is appointed by:
ExplanationArticle 168(1): 'There shall be an Auditor-General of Pakistan, who shall be appointed by the President.'
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Question 181 of 313
Under Article 232(6), while a Proclamation of Emergency is in force, Parliament may extend the National Assembly's term for a period not exceeding:
ExplanationArticle 232(6) caps the emergency-driven extension of the National Assembly's term at one year — and even then, not extending beyond six months after the Proclamation itself has ceased to be in force.
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Question 182 of 313
Article 19A, the right to information, was inserted by which amendment?
ExplanationArticle 19A was inserted by the 18th Amendment (2010), giving every citizen the right of access to information in matters of public importance, subject to regulation and reasonable restrictions by law.
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Question 183 of 313
Under Article 228(3)(d), the President must ensure that:
ExplanationArticle 228(3)(d) requires that at least one member of the Council of Islamic Ideology be a woman.
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Question 184 of 313
Under Article 82(1), expenditure charged upon the Federal Consolidated Fund may be:
ExplanationArticle 82(1): charged expenditure may be discussed in the National Assembly, but is deliberately insulated from a vote — distinguishing it from 'other expenditure' under 82(2), which is voted as demands for grants.
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Question 185 of 313
Under Article 51(1), as currently in force, the National Assembly has how many total seats?
ExplanationArticle 51(1), as substituted by the 25th Amendment (2018), fixes the National Assembly at 336 seats, including seats reserved for women and non-Muslims.
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Question 186 of 313
Article 25A obliges the State to provide free and compulsory education to children of age:
ExplanationArticle 25A, inserted by the 18th Amendment (2010), requires free and compulsory education for all children aged five to sixteen years, in a manner determined by law.
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Question 187 of 313
What is the current status of Article 247, which formerly governed the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA)?
ExplanationArticle 247 was omitted after the 25th Amendment (2018) merged the former FATA into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, extending ordinary provincial administration, and Supreme Court/Peshawar High Court jurisdiction, to those areas.
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Question 188 of 313
What happened to the Sixth and Seventh Schedules of the Constitution?
ExplanationThe Sixth Schedule (laws not to be altered without Presidential sanction) and Seventh Schedule (laws needing constitutional-amendment-style protection) were both removed by the 18th Amendment (2010) — they no longer exist in the current Constitution.
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Question 189 of 313
Under Article 239(1), a Constitution Amendment Bill requires passage by what majority in the originating House?
ExplanationArticle 239(1) sets the supermajority threshold at not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the House — a demanding bar distinct from ordinary legislation.
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Question 190 of 313
Under the further proviso to Article 92(1), inserted by the 18th Amendment, the total strength of the Cabinet (including Ministers of State) shall not exceed what percentage of the total membership of Parliament?
ExplanationArticle 92(1)'s further proviso caps total Cabinet strength (Ministers plus Ministers of State) at eleven percent of Majlis-e-Shoora's total membership.
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Question 191 of 313
Under Article 63(1)(n), a person is disqualified for an unpaid bank loan of what amount or more remaining overdue for over a year?
ExplanationArticle 63(1)(n) sets the disqualifying threshold at two million rupees or more, unpaid for more than one year from the due date (or written off).
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Question 192 of 313
Under Article 97, the executive authority of the Federation extends to matters on which Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) has power to make laws, but generally does NOT extend, within a Province, to matters on which:
ExplanationArticle 97's proviso preserves provincial autonomy: Federal executive authority does not extend, within a Province, to a matter the Provincial Assembly also has power to legislate on, unless expressly provided.
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Question 193 of 313
Under Article 251(3), a Provincial Assembly may, by law, prescribe measures for:
ExplanationArticle 251(3) preserves space for provincial languages (such as Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto, Balochi) to be taught and promoted alongside — not instead of — the national language.
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Question 194 of 313
Article 237 empowers Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) to make laws:
ExplanationArticle 237 allows Parliament to pass indemnity laws protecting Federal Government, Provincial Government, or other persons from liability for acts connected with maintaining or restoring public order.
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Question 195 of 313
Under Article 105(1), in performing his functions, the Governor acts:
ExplanationArticle 105(1) mirrors Article 48: the Governor acts on and in accordance with Cabinet/Chief Minister advice, with a limited power to require reconsideration within fifteen days.
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Question 196 of 313
Under Article 175I, an ordinary Judge of the Federal Constitutional Court holds office until age:
ExplanationArticle 175I sets the retirement age for FCC Judges at sixty-eight — notably higher than the Supreme Court's retirement age of 65.
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Question 197 of 313
Under Article 175A(3A), the Special Parliamentary Committee for Chief Justice nominations consists of how many total members?
ExplanationArticle 175A(3A), as amended by the 27th Amendment, fixes the Special Parliamentary Committee at twelve members: eight from the National Assembly and four from the Senate.
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Question 198 of 313
Article 235 empowers the President to proclaim a state of emergency where:
ExplanationArticle 235(1) is Pakistan's financial emergency provision, triggered by a threat to the economic life, financial stability, or credit of Pakistan or any part of it.
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Question 199 of 313
Under Article 203D(1), the Federal Shariat Court may examine whether a law is repugnant to the Injunctions of Islam:
ExplanationArticle 203D(1) gives the FSC broad access to this jurisdiction — it may act suo motu (of its own motion) or upon petition from a citizen, the Federal Government, or a Provincial Government.
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Question 200 of 313
Under Article 206(2), a High Court Judge who declines appointment to the Federal Constitutional Court or Supreme Court is:
ExplanationArticle 206(2), as amended by the 27th Amendment, treats a declined FCC/Supreme Court appointment as deemed retirement, preserving the Judge's pension based on his length of service.
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Question 201 of 313
Article 5(1) declares that the basic duty of every citizen is:
ExplanationArticle 5(1): 'Loyalty to the State is the basic duty of every citizen.' Clause (2) separately makes obedience to the Constitution and law an inviolable obligation.
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Question 202 of 313
Under Article 243(5), the office of the Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee stood abolished with effect from:
ExplanationArticle 243(5), inserted by the 27th Amendment, fixed 27 November 2025 as the specific date the CJCSC office was abolished — distinct from the Amendment's own commencement date of 13 November 2025.
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Question 203 of 313
Under Article 203G, decisions of the Federal Shariat Court on a matter within its jurisdiction are, subject to any Article 203F appeal:
ExplanationArticle 203G gives Federal Shariat Court decisions genuine binding force on the High Courts and subordinate courts, as well as on the Federal and Provincial Governments, once the Article 203F appeal process (if invoked) is exhausted.
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Question 204 of 313
Under Article 179, an ordinary Judge of the Supreme Court holds office until age:
ExplanationArticle 179 fixes the retirement age for Supreme Court Judges at sixty-five — notably lower than the Federal Constitutional Court's retirement age of sixty-eight under Article 175I.
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Question 205 of 313
Article 77 provides that no tax shall be levied for Federation purposes except:
ExplanationArticle 77 is the 'no taxation without legislation' rule for the Federation: taxes require the authority of an Act of Parliament.
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Question 206 of 313
Under the proviso to Article 175F(1)(c), no FCC appeal lies against a High Court's Article 199 order in cases relating to:
ExplanationArticle 175F(1)(c)'s proviso excludes rent and family matters (other than guardianship) from FCC appellate jurisdiction over High Court Article 199 orders — keeping such disputes at the High Court level.
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Question 207 of 313
Under Article 63(1)(h), a person convicted for an offence involving moral turpitude and sentenced to imprisonment of not less than how many years is disqualified (unless 5 years have passed since release)?
ExplanationArticle 63(1)(h) disqualifies a person sentenced to at least two years' imprisonment on conviction for an offence involving moral turpitude, unless five years have elapsed since release.
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Question 208 of 313
Under Article 203, a High Court's relationship to courts subordinate to it is one of:
ExplanationArticle 203: 'Each High Court shall supervise and control all courts subordinate to it' — the constitutional basis for the High Court's administrative authority over the lower judiciary.
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Question 209 of 313
Under the proviso to Article 91(5), as amended, there is:
ExplanationArticle 91(5)'s proviso expressly states there shall be no restriction on the number of terms for the office of Prime Minister — unlike the two-term limit that applies to the President under Article 44(2).
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Question 210 of 313
Under Article 53(7)(c), the Speaker/Deputy Speaker may be removed by a resolution passed by:
ExplanationArticle 53(7)(c) requires not less than seven days' notice, and the resolution must be passed by the votes of the majority of the total membership of the Assembly.
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Question 211 of 313
Article 28 guarantees the right of citizens with a distinct language, script or culture to preserve and promote it, subject to:
ExplanationArticle 28 expressly makes this right 'subject to Article 251' (which deals with the national language, Urdu, and provincial languages).
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Question 212 of 313
Under Article 136(1), a no-confidence resolution against the Chief Minister must be moved by not less than what percentage of the Provincial Assembly's total membership?
ExplanationArticle 136(1) mirrors Article 95(1) for the Prime Minister: the resolution requires the support of not less than twenty per centum of the total membership.
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Question 213 of 313
Under Article 1, Pakistan shall be a Federal Republic to be known as:
ExplanationArticle 1(1) declares Pakistan a Federal Republic to be known as the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
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Question 214 of 313
Under Article 41(2), a person is qualified for election as President only if he is a Muslim of not less than:
ExplanationArticle 41(2) requires the President to be a Muslim of not less than forty-five years of age and qualified to be elected as a member of the National Assembly.
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Question 215 of 313
Under Article 175A(18)-(19), inserted by the 26th Amendment (2024), if a High Court Judge's annual performance evaluation remains unsatisfactory after an improvement period, the Commission refers the matter to the:
ExplanationArticle 175A(19) directs the Commission to send its report to the Supreme Judicial Council if a High Court Judge's performance remains unsatisfactory even after being given a period to improve — a new accountability mechanism from the 26th Amendment.
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Question 216 of 313
Under Article 106(1), which Province's Provincial Assembly has the highest total number of seats?
ExplanationArticle 106(1)'s table gives Punjab 371 total seats (297 general + 66 women + 8 non-Muslim) — the largest of any Provincial Assembly.
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Question 217 of 313
Under Article 203E(6), a legal practitioner or jurisconsult appearing before the Federal Shariat Court is required to:
ExplanationArticle 203E(6) gives FSC advocacy a distinctive character: representatives don't simply plead a client's case but must expound the relevant Islamic Injunctions and submit a written interpretation to the Court.
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Question 218 of 313
Under Article 177(2)(a), a person is qualified for appointment as a Supreme Court Judge if he has been a High Court Judge for at least:
ExplanationArticle 177(2)(a) requires not less than five years (aggregate) as a High Court Judge as one qualifying route to the Supreme Court.
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Question 219 of 313
Under Article 89(1), the President's power to promulgate an Ordinance may be exercised only when:
ExplanationArticle 89(1) restricts Ordinance-making to periods when the Senate or National Assembly is not in session, and requires the President's satisfaction that immediate action is necessary.
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Question 220 of 313
Under Article 232(1), a Proclamation of Emergency for internal disturbance beyond a Provincial Government's control requires:
ExplanationArticle 232(1)'s first proviso, inserted by the 18th Amendment, requires a Provincial Assembly Resolution before an emergency can be proclaimed due to internal disturbance beyond that Province's control.
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Question 221 of 313
Under Article 175A(1), the body responsible for nominating Judges to the superior judiciary is the:
ExplanationArticle 175A(1) establishes the Judicial Commission of Pakistan as the body responsible for the appointment process of Judges to the FCC, Supreme Court, High Courts, and Federal Shariat Court.
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Question 222 of 313
Under Article 263(1)(a), in the Constitution, words importing the masculine gender:
ExplanationArticle 263(1)(a) is a standard interpretive gender-inclusivity rule: masculine-gendered words in the constitutional text are read to include females.
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Question 223 of 313
Under Article 73(4), the decision on whether a Bill is a Money Bill is made by:
ExplanationArticle 73(4): the Speaker of the National Assembly's decision on whether a Bill is a Money Bill 'shall be final.'
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Question 224 of 313
Article 39 directs the State to enable people from all parts of Pakistan to participate in:
ExplanationArticle 39: 'The State shall enable people from all parts of Pakistan to participate in the Armed Forces of Pakistan.'
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Question 225 of 313
Under Article 233(2), during an emergency, the President may by Order suspend:
ExplanationArticle 233(2) allows the President, by Order, to suspend specifically the right to approach courts for enforcement of named Fundamental Rights — not an automatic blanket suspension of all rights.
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Question 226 of 313
Under Article 75(1), when a Bill is presented for assent, the President must act within:
ExplanationArticle 75(1) gives the President ten days to either assent to a Bill or (for non-Money Bills) return it for reconsideration.
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Question 227 of 313
Under Article 251(2), the English language may continue to be used for official purposes:
ExplanationArticle 251(2) allows English to remain an official-purpose language only as an interim measure, subject to Article 251(1)'s Urdu-replacement mandate.
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Question 228 of 313
Under Article 239(6), a Constitution amendment's validity:
ExplanationArticle 239(6), inserted by the 8th Amendment (1985), completely ousts judicial review of constitutional amendments — 'shall not be called in question in any Court on any ground whatsoever.'
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Question 229 of 313
Under Article 199(1A), inserted by the 26th Amendment (2024), a High Court:
ExplanationArticle 199(1A), like the parallel restriction once placed on the Supreme Court's Article 184(3), confirms a High Court cannot act suo motu — it may only act on the contents of an application actually filed before it.
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Question 230 of 313
Under Article 140(1), the Advocate-General for a Province must be qualified to be appointed a Judge of the:
ExplanationArticle 140(1) requires the Advocate-General to be qualified for appointment as a Judge of the High Court — the provincial-level counterpart to the Attorney-General's Article 100 qualification.
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Question 231 of 313
Under Article 240, appointments to the service of Pakistan and the terms and conditions of such service are regulated by:
ExplanationArticle 240 requires that civil service appointments and conditions be governed by an Act of the appropriate Legislature — the Civil Servants Act, 1973 fulfils this at the Federal level, with provincial equivalents at the provincial level.
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Question 232 of 313
Under Article 242(1A), the Chairman of the Federal Public Service Commission is appointed by:
ExplanationArticle 242(1A) gives the President sole discretion (not requiring Cabinet advice) in appointing the Chairman of the Public Service Commission constituted for Federal affairs.
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Question 233 of 313
Under Article 63A(1)(b), a defection declaration may be triggered by a member voting contrary to party direction on all of the following EXCEPT:
ExplanationArticle 63A(1)(b) lists only three trigger categories: Prime Minister/Chief Minister elections, confidence/no-confidence votes, and Money Bills or Constitution Amendment Bills — a non-binding private resolution is not among them.
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Question 234 of 313
Under Article 70(3), if a Bill is rejected or not passed within 90 days, it may be considered in a:
ExplanationArticle 70(3): if a Bill stalls between the Houses, it can be referred to a joint sitting and, if passed by a majority present and voting there, presented to the President for assent.
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Question 235 of 313
Under Article 233(1), during a Proclamation of Emergency, the State's power to legislate or act despite Articles 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 24 means those Fundamental Rights are:
ExplanationArticle 233(1) allows the State to act notwithstanding these six specific rights during an emergency, but any resulting law loses effect (is deemed repealed) once the Proclamation is revoked or lapses.
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Question 236 of 313
What happened to Article 184 (the Supreme Court's original jurisdiction over inter-governmental disputes and public-importance fundamental rights matters)?
ExplanationA critical, very recent fact: the 27th Amendment (2025) omitted Article 184 in its entirety. The original jurisdiction it once granted the Supreme Court — including the famous Article 184(3) public-interest/suo motu jurisdiction — now belongs exclusively to the Federal Constitutional Court under Article 175E.
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Question 237 of 313
Under Article 228(1), the Council of Islamic Ideology was to be constituted within how many days of the commencing day?
ExplanationArticle 228(1) required the Council of Islamic Ideology to be constituted within ninety days of the commencing day (14 August 1973).
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Question 238 of 313
Under Article 95(1), a no-confidence resolution against the Prime Minister must be moved by not less than what percentage of the National Assembly's total membership?
ExplanationArticle 95(1) requires the resolution to be moved by not less than twenty per centum (20%) of the National Assembly's total membership.
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Question 239 of 313
Under Article 175C(2), a person is qualified for appointment as an FCC Judge if he is or has been a Judge of the Supreme Court, OR has been a High Court Judge for at least how many years, OR has been a High Court advocate (and Supreme Court advocate) for at least how many years?
ExplanationArticle 175C(2) sets three alternative qualification routes: current/former Supreme Court Judge; at least 5 years as a High Court Judge; or at least 20 years as a High Court advocate who is also a Supreme Court advocate.
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Question 240 of 313
Article 255 provides that a required oath of office:
ExplanationArticle 255 provides practical flexibility for administering the prescribed oaths (found in the Third Schedule) when the ordinarily specified administering authority or timing isn't available.
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Question 241 of 313
Under Article 204(1), as amended by the 27th Amendment, 'Court' for contempt purposes means:
ExplanationArticle 204(1) defines 'Court' for contempt jurisdiction as the Federal Constitutional Court or the Supreme Court, or a High Court — District and subordinate courts are not included under this specific Article.
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Question 242 of 313
Under Article 209(6), as amended, the Council must generally report its findings within six months of a reference — except where the ground is refusal of an Article 200 transfer, in which case the deadline is:
ExplanationArticle 209(6)'s 27th Amendment addition sets a fast-track thirty-day deadline specifically for cases involving a Judge's refusal to accept a transfer under Article 200 — much shorter than the general six-month timeline.
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Question 243 of 313
Under Article 38(f), as substituted by the 26th Amendment (2024), the State shall eliminate riba completely before:
ExplanationThe 26th Amendment (2024) substituted a firm deadline into Article 38(f): riba is to be eliminated completely before the first day of January, 2028 — replacing the earlier open-ended 'as early as possible' language from the 18th Amendment.
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Question 244 of 313
Under Article 112(1), the Provincial Assembly stands dissolved how long after the Chief Minister advises the Governor to dissolve it?
ExplanationArticle 112(1) mirrors Article 58(1) for the National Assembly: dissolution occurs 48 hours after the Chief Minister's advice.
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Question 245 of 313
Under Article 104, when the Governor is unable to perform his functions, who acts in his place?
ExplanationArticle 104, as substituted by the 18th Amendment, provides that the Speaker of the Provincial Assembly (or another person nominated by the President in his absence) performs the Governor's functions.
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Question 246 of 313
Under Article 64(2), a House may declare a member's seat vacant if he remains absent, without leave, for how many consecutive days of sittings?
ExplanationArticle 64(2): a House may declare a seat vacant if the member is absent without leave for forty consecutive days of its sittings.
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Question 247 of 313
Under Article 129(1), the executive authority of a Province is exercised in the name of the Governor by the Provincial Government, consisting of:
ExplanationArticle 129(1) mirrors Article 90 for the Federation: the Provincial Government (Chief Minister and Provincial Ministers) exercises executive authority in the Governor's name, acting through the Chief Minister.
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Question 248 of 313
Under Article 207(3), a person who has held office as a permanent Judge of the Federal Constitutional Court or Supreme Court is permanently barred from:
ExplanationArticle 207(3)(a) imposes a lifetime bar: a former permanent Judge of the FCC or Supreme Court may never plead or act in any court or before any authority in Pakistan.
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Question 249 of 313
Under Article 175A(2)(vi), the Judicial Commission includes an advocate nominated by the Pakistan Bar Council who has practised in the Supreme Court for at least:
ExplanationArticle 175A(2)(vi) requires the Bar Council's nominee to have not less than fifteen years of practice in the Supreme Court, serving a two-year term on the Commission.
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Question 250 of 313
Under Article 54(2), the National Assembly must meet for not less than how many working days each year?
ExplanationArticle 54(2)'s proviso, as amended, requires the National Assembly to meet for not less than one hundred and thirty working days in each year.
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Question 251 of 313
Under Article 245(3), while the Armed Forces are acting in aid of civil power in a given area, a High Court:
ExplanationArticle 245(3) suspends a High Court's ordinary Article 199 writ jurisdiction over an area where the Armed Forces are acting in aid of civil power, except for proceedings that were already pending before that deployment began.
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Question 252 of 313
Under Article 175A(2), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), for appointments to the Federal Constitutional Court and Supreme Court, who chairs the Judicial Commission?
ExplanationArticle 175A(2), Explanation I, provides that the more senior of the two Chief Justices (FCC and Supreme Court) chairs the Commission for these appointments, with seniority reckoned from their respective appointment dates.
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Question 253 of 313
Under Article 76(3), a Bill pending in the National Assembly lapses on:
ExplanationArticle 76(3): a Bill pending in (or passed by) the National Assembly and pending in the Senate lapses on the dissolution of the National Assembly — unlike mere prorogation, which does not cause lapse under 76(1).
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Question 254 of 313
Under Article 244, every member of the Armed Forces takes an oath:
ExplanationArticle 244 simply requires the oath to be in the form set out in the Third Schedule — the same schedule that contains oaths for the President, Judges, and other constitutional officeholders.
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Question 255 of 313
Article 13 protects a person from being:
ExplanationArticle 13 combines protection against double jeopardy (double punishment for the same offence) and against compelled self-incrimination.
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Question 256 of 313
Under Article 245(1), the Armed Forces defend Pakistan against external aggression and, subject to law, act:
ExplanationArticle 245(1) frames the Armed Forces' domestic role as acting 'in aid of civil power' — a request-based support role, not an independent policing function.
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Question 257 of 313
Article 26(1) prohibits discrimination against a citizen's access to places of public entertainment or resort on the ground only of:
ExplanationArticle 26(1) lists race, religion, caste, sex, residence or place of birth as prohibited grounds of discrimination for access to public places not intended for religious purposes only.
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Question 258 of 313
Under Article 248(1), the President, a Governor, the Prime Minister, Federal/Provincial Ministers, and the Chief Minister are not answerable to any court for:
ExplanationArticle 248(1) grants functional immunity — protection for official acts done in exercise of the powers and functions of their office — not a blanket immunity covering all personal conduct.
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Question 259 of 313
Under Article 6(1), abrogating or subverting the Constitution by use of force or show of force constitutes:
ExplanationArticle 6(1) defines abrogating, subverting, suspending or holding in abeyance the Constitution by force or unconstitutional means, or attempting/conspiring to do so, as high treason.
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Question 260 of 313
Under Article 142(a), Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) has exclusive power to make laws on matters in the:
ExplanationArticle 142(a) gives Parliament exclusive legislative power over the Federal Legislative List (Fourth Schedule) — the Concurrent List was abolished entirely by the 18th Amendment.
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Question 261 of 313
Under Article 78(1), all Federal Government revenues, loans raised, and loan repayments received form part of the:
ExplanationArticle 78(1) establishes the Federal Consolidated Fund as the repository for all Federal Government revenues, loans raised, and loan-repayment receipts.
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Question 262 of 313
Under Article 55(2), if less than what fraction of the total National Assembly membership is present, the sitting must be adjourned or suspended?
ExplanationArticle 55(2) sets the quorum trigger at one-fourth of the total membership; if attendance falls below this, the presiding officer must adjourn or suspend the sitting.
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Question 263 of 313
Under the proviso to Article 175I, the Chief Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court holds that specific office for a fixed term of:
ExplanationArticle 175I's proviso caps the Chief Justice of the FCC's tenure in that specific office at three years (or earlier resignation/removal/age 68), after which he stands retired regardless of his age — a deliberately shorter, rotating headship.
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Question 264 of 313
Under Article 48(1), in exercising his functions, the President shall act:
ExplanationArticle 48(1) requires the President to act on and in accordance with Cabinet/Prime Ministerial advice, subject to a limited power to require reconsideration once.
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Question 265 of 313
Under Article 251(1), the national language of Pakistan is:
ExplanationArticle 251(1): 'The National language of Pakistan is Urdu,' with arrangements to be made for its official use within fifteen years of the commencing day.
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Question 266 of 313
Article 1(2)(b) refers to the Islamabad Capital Territory as the:
ExplanationArticle 1(2)(b) designates the Islamabad Capital Territory as 'the Federal Capital'.
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Question 267 of 313
Under Article 59(2), Senate seats allocated to a Province are filled through:
ExplanationArticle 59(2): election to Senate seats allocated to each Province follows the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
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Question 268 of 313
A Judge of the Federal Shariat Court, other than the Chief Justice, normally holds that specific appointment for a term of:
ExplanationJudges of the Federal Shariat Court (other than permanently-appointed High Court Judges assigned there) typically serve a three-year term.
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Question 269 of 313
Under Article 239, if the Bill is passed by the second House WITH amendments, it must be:
ExplanationIf the second House passes a Constitution Amendment Bill with its own amendments, the Bill returns to the originating House, which must also approve those changes by the same two-thirds threshold.
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Question 270 of 313
Under Article 175E(5), the Federal Constitutional Court may call for the record of any pending case, on its own motion, if the case involves:
ExplanationArticle 175E(5) gives the FCC a suo motu-style power to call for case records, but only where a substantial constitutional-interpretation question is involved — not a general appellate power.
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Question 271 of 313
Under Article 175(3), the Judiciary was to be separated progressively from the Executive within how many years of the commencing day?
ExplanationArticle 175(3), as amended by P.O. 14 of 1985, extended the separation-of-judiciary timeline from the original five years to fourteen years from the commencing day (14 August 1973).
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Question 272 of 313
Under Article 91(4), the Prime Minister is elected by:
ExplanationArticle 91(4) requires election by the votes of a majority of the National Assembly's total membership (not merely those present and voting) in the first poll.
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Question 273 of 313
Under Article 212(1), Administrative Courts or Tribunals may be given exclusive jurisdiction over matters including:
ExplanationArticle 212(1)(a) allows the appropriate Legislature to create Administrative Courts/Tribunals with exclusive jurisdiction over Pakistan civil service terms, conditions, and disciplinary matters — such as Service Tribunals.
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Question 274 of 313
Under Article 6(3), the power to provide for punishment of persons guilty of high treason lies with:
ExplanationArticle 6(3) requires Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) to provide, by law, for the punishment of persons found guilty of high treason.
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Question 275 of 313
Under Article 89(2)(a)(i), an Ordinance dealing with Money Bill matters laid before the National Assembly stands repealed after how many days from promulgation unless disapproved or extended?
ExplanationArticle 89(2)(a)(i): such an Ordinance stands repealed at the expiration of one hundred and twenty days from promulgation, with one possible 120-day extension by resolution.
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Question 276 of 313
Under Article 73(1), a Money Bill must originate in the:
ExplanationArticle 73(1): notwithstanding Article 70, a Money Bill shall originate in the National Assembly; the Senate may only recommend changes within 14 days.
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Question 277 of 313
The Second Schedule to the Constitution governs:
ExplanationThe Second Schedule sets out the detailed procedure for the Election of the President, referenced by Article 41(3).
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Question 278 of 313
Under Article 209(5), as amended by the 27th Amendment, grounds for Council inquiry into a Judge now include all of the following EXCEPT:
ExplanationArticle 209(5) lists incapacity, inefficiency (added by the 26th/27th Amendments), misconduct, and (per clause (iv)) not accepting an Article 200 transfer, as grounds for inquiry — mere political disagreement is not a constitutional ground.
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Question 279 of 313
Under Article 113, the qualifications and disqualifications for Provincial Assembly membership are those set out in:
ExplanationArticle 113 applies the National Assembly qualification/disqualification rules of Articles 62 and 63 to Provincial Assembly membership by reference, substituting 'Provincial Assembly' for 'National Assembly.'
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Question 280 of 313
The Fourth Schedule to the Constitution sets out:
ExplanationThe Fourth Schedule contains the Legislative Lists — principally the Federal Legislative List — that define Parliament's exclusive law-making subjects under Article 142(a), especially significant since the 18th Amendment abolished the old Concurrent List.
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Question 281 of 313
Under Article 194, the Chief Justice of a Provincial High Court takes his oath before:
ExplanationArticle 194 requires a Provincial High Court's Chief Justice to take his oath before the Governor (unlike the Islamabad High Court's Chief Justice, who under the proviso takes his oath before the President).
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Question 282 of 313
Article 23 gives every citizen the right to acquire, hold and dispose of property, subject to:
ExplanationArticle 23 grants the property right subject to the Constitution and to reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the public interest.
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Question 283 of 313
Under Article 199(1)(b)(i), the writ enabling a High Court to examine whether a person's detention is lawful is commonly known as:
ExplanationArticle 199(1)(b)(i) is the constitutional basis for habeas corpus in Pakistan — directing that a detained person be brought before the Court to determine whether the detention is lawful.
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Question 284 of 313
Article 66(1) grants members freedom of speech in Parliament, meaning no member shall be liable to any court proceedings for:
ExplanationArticle 66(1) is Pakistan's parliamentary privilege clause: members are immune from court proceedings for speech or votes within Parliament.
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Question 285 of 313
Article 19 (Freedom of speech) subjects freedom of speech and of the press to reasonable restrictions in the interest of all of the following EXCEPT:
ExplanationArticle 19 lists reasonable restrictions in the interest of the glory of Islam; integrity, security or defence of Pakistan; friendly relations with foreign States; public order; decency or morality; and contempt of court or incitement to an offence — not mere 'convenience of officials'.
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Question 286 of 313
Under Article 101(2), a Governor must be at least how many years of age and qualified for National Assembly election?
ExplanationArticle 101(2) requires a Governor to be qualified to be elected as a member of the National Assembly and not less than thirty-five years of age.
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Question 287 of 313
Article 9 (Security of person) provides that no person shall be deprived of life or liberty except:
ExplanationArticle 9: 'No person shall be deprived of life or liberty save in accordance with law' — the foundational due-process guarantee.
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Question 288 of 313
Under Article 160(1), a National Finance Commission must be constituted within six months of the commencing day, and thereafter at intervals not exceeding:
ExplanationArticle 160(1) requires the President to constitute a new National Finance Commission at intervals not exceeding five years — though in practice, awards have often lapsed well beyond this constitutional deadline.
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Question 289 of 313
Under Article 203C, the permanent seat of the Federal Shariat Court is at:
ExplanationThe Federal Shariat Court's principal seat is Islamabad, with Bench registries at Lahore, Karachi, Peshawar and Quetta accommodated within each Provincial High Court's premises.
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Question 290 of 313
Under Article 117(2), a Bill pending in a Provincial Assembly lapses upon:
ExplanationArticle 117(2): a Bill pending in a Provincial Assembly lapses on the dissolution of the Assembly (clause (1) clarifies that mere prorogation does NOT cause lapse).
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Question 291 of 313
Under Article 106(1), the Balochistan Provincial Assembly has a total of how many seats?
ExplanationArticle 106(1) fixes Balochistan's Provincial Assembly at 65 total seats: 51 general, 11 women, 3 non-Muslim.
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Question 292 of 313
Under Article 175E(2), in exercising its exclusive original jurisdiction over inter-governmental disputes, the Federal Constitutional Court shall pronounce:
ExplanationArticle 175E(2) limits the FCC's original-jurisdiction remedy to declaratory judgments only, in inter-governmental disputes.
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Question 293 of 313
Under Article 44(1), the President's term of office is:
ExplanationArticle 44(1) fixes the President's term at five years from the day he enters upon office, continuing in office until a successor enters upon office.
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Question 294 of 313
Under Article 177(2)(b), a High Court advocate qualifies for Supreme Court appointment after practising for at least:
ExplanationArticle 177(2)(b) requires not less than fifteen years as a High Court advocate (who is also a Supreme Court advocate) as the alternative qualifying route.
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Question 295 of 313
Under Article 90(1), executive authority of the Federation is exercised in the name of the President by the Federal Government, which acts through:
ExplanationArticle 90(1): the Federal Government (Prime Minister and Federal Ministers) exercises executive authority in the President's name, acting through the Prime Minister as chief executive of the Federation.
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Question 296 of 313
Under Article 58(1), the National Assembly stands dissolved how long after the Prime Minister advises the President to dissolve it?
ExplanationArticle 58(1): the Assembly stands dissolved at the expiration of forty-eight hours after the Prime Minister has so advised the President.
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Question 297 of 313
Under Article 228(3)(b), the President must ensure that not less than how many Council members are, or have been, Judges of the Supreme Court or a High Court?
ExplanationArticle 228(3)(b) requires at least two Council members to be current or former Supreme Court or High Court Judges.
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Question 298 of 313
Under Article 189(2), as amended by the 27th Amendment, Supreme Court decisions on questions of law bind all other courts EXCEPT:
ExplanationArticle 189(2) now carves out the Federal Constitutional Court from the courts bound by Supreme Court precedent — reflecting the FCC's new position above the Supreme Court in constitutional matters. Article 189(1) makes FCC decisions binding on all courts, including the Supreme Court.
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Question 299 of 313
Before entering office, the President makes his oath before the:
ExplanationArticle 42 requires the President to take the oath, in the form set out in the Third Schedule, before the Chief Justice of Pakistan.
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Question 300 of 313
Article 234 empowers the President to issue a Proclamation in the case of:
ExplanationArticle 234's heading and substance address the classic 'Governor's Rule' scenario: failure of constitutional machinery in a Province, triggered by a Governor's report to the President.
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Question 301 of 313
Under Article 102, before entering office, a Governor makes his oath before the:
ExplanationArticle 102 requires the Governor to take his oath before the Chief Justice of the High Court (of that Province) — distinguishing this from the President's oath before the Chief Justice of Pakistan.
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Question 302 of 313
Under Article 215(1), the term of office for the Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commission members is:
ExplanationArticle 215(1) fixes a five-year term for the CEC and the Commission's members, running from the day they enter office.
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Question 303 of 313
Under Article 193(2), a person is qualified for High Court appointment if he is a citizen of Pakistan, not less than 40 years of age, and has been a High Court advocate for at least how many years, OR held judicial office for at least how many years?
ExplanationArticle 193(2), as substituted by the 26th Amendment (2024), requires ten years as a High Court advocate (route (a)) or ten years holding judicial office in Pakistan (route (b)) — this also dropped the separate civil-service/District Judge route that existed before 2024.
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Question 304 of 313
Under the proviso to Article 234(1), the President's emergency powers over a Province may NOT be used to assume powers vested in:
ExplanationArticle 234(1)'s proviso explicitly protects the High Court: the President cannot assume High Court powers or suspend constitutional provisions relating to High Courts, even during a Governor's Rule emergency.
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Question 305 of 313
Under Article 154(3), the Council of Common Interests must meet at least once in every:
ExplanationArticle 154(3) requires the Council to meet at least once in ninety days, ensuring regular federal-provincial coordination.
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Question 306 of 313
Under Article 47(8), a resolution declaring the President unfit or guilty requires the votes of not less than:
ExplanationArticle 47(8) requires a two-thirds majority of the total membership of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament), voting at a joint sitting, to remove or impeach the President.
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Question 307 of 313
Under Article 214, the Chief Election Commissioner takes his oath before:
ExplanationArticle 214 requires the Commissioner to take his oath before the Chief Justice of Pakistan; a member of the Election Commission takes theirs before the Commissioner.
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Question 308 of 313
Which of the following is NOT listed among Pakistan's provinces under Article 1(2)(a)?
ExplanationArticle 1(2)(a) lists the Provinces of Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the Punjab and Sindh. Gilgit-Baltistan is not listed as a constitutional province.
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Question 309 of 313
The Third Schedule to the Constitution contains:
ExplanationThe Third Schedule is the master collection of prescribed oath texts referenced throughout the Constitution — for the President (Article 42), Prime Minister (Article 91), Judges (Articles 178, 194, 175D), and more.
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Question 310 of 313
Under Article 262, periods of time for constitutional purposes are reckoned according to:
ExplanationArticle 262: 'For the purpose of the Constitution, period of time shall be reckoned according to the Gregorian calendar' — the standard Western civil calendar.
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Question 311 of 313
Under Article 218, the Election Commission's core duty is to organize and conduct elections in a manner that is:
ExplanationArticle 218(3) sets the Commission's mandate: to organize and conduct elections honestly, justly, fairly, in accordance with law, while guarding against corrupt practices.
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Question 312 of 313
Under the proviso to Article 179, inserted by the 26th Amendment (2024), the Chief Justice of Pakistan's term in that specific office is capped at:
ExplanationArticle 179's proviso, mirroring the FCC's Article 175I, caps the Chief Justice of Pakistan's tenure in that office at three years, after which he stands retired regardless of his age.
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Question 313 of 313
Under Article 144(1), Parliament may legislate on a matter outside the Federal Legislative List for one or more Provinces if:
ExplanationArticle 144(1) is a consent-based mechanism: if one or more Provincial Assemblies pass a resolution requesting Parliament to legislate on a non-Federal-List matter, Parliament may do so for those provinces.
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