Administration, Revenue and Military Competitive Exams
46 questions · Pakistan Studies
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Question 1 of 46
Which Mughal official was responsible for military pay and muster (checking troop and horse quality)?
ExplanationThe Mir Bakhshi (paymaster-general) oversaw military administration, including verifying troops and horses maintained by Mansabdars.
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Question 2 of 46
Which Delhi Sultanate ruler is well known for his strict market control policies (price regulation)?
ExplanationAlauddin Khilji implemented comprehensive market regulations to control prices, particularly to support his large standing army economically.
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Question 3 of 46
Which coin, introduced by Sher Shah Suri, became the standard currency later continued and refined under the Mughals?
ExplanationSher Shah Suri's silver Rupiya became the standard currency, with the Mughals also issuing gold Mohurs for larger transactions.
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Question 4 of 46
Which Mughal official was responsible for military pay and muster (checking troop and horse quality)?
ExplanationThe Mir Bakhshi (paymaster-general) oversaw military administration, including verifying troops and horses maintained by Mansabdars.
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Question 5 of 46
Who was the central Mughal official responsible for overseeing revenue administration across the empire?
ExplanationThe Diwan (or Wazir) headed the revenue and financial administration of the Mughal Empire.
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Question 6 of 46
What was the 'Iqta' system, prominent during the Delhi Sultanate period?
ExplanationThe Iqta system granted revenue rights over land (not ownership) to nobles and soldiers as compensation for service, distinct from full land ownership.
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Question 7 of 46
What distinguished the Delhi Sultanate's Iqta system from the Mughal Jagirdari system, in terms of transferability?
ExplanationBoth the Iqta and Jagir systems were generally non-hereditary and transferable assignments of revenue rights, distinguishing them from private land ownership, though the Mughal system was more elaborately organized.
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Question 8 of 46
Who was the central Mughal official responsible for overseeing revenue administration across the empire?
ExplanationThe Diwan (or Wazir) headed the revenue and financial administration of the Mughal Empire.
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Question 9 of 46
In Mughal provincial administration, what was a 'Subah'?
ExplanationThe Mughal Empire was divided into Subahs (provinces), each administered by a Subedar, with further subdivisions into Sarkars and Parganas.
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Question 10 of 46
Which Mughal revenue collection method involved sharing the actual harvested crop between the state and cultivator?
ExplanationBatai (crop-sharing) was one of several revenue assessment methods used in Mughal administration, alongside Zabt (measurement-based) and others.
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Question 11 of 46
In Mughal provincial administration, what was a 'Subah'?
ExplanationThe Mughal Empire was divided into Subahs (provinces), each administered by a Subedar, with further subdivisions into Sarkars and Parganas.
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Question 12 of 46
Which revenue assessment method relied on estimation of crop yield by visual inspection, rather than actual measurement or crop-sharing?
ExplanationKankut involved estimating the standing crop's yield through visual inspection, one of several methods used alongside more precise measurement (Zabt) or crop-sharing (Batai).
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Question 13 of 46
Which official was responsible for the judicial administration and interpretation of Islamic law in the Mughal Empire?
ExplanationThe Qazi (chief justice, at various administrative levels) administered justice according to Islamic law (Sharia).
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Question 14 of 46
What distinguished the Delhi Sultanate's Iqta system from the Mughal Jagirdari system, in terms of transferability?
ExplanationBoth the Iqta and Jagir systems were generally non-hereditary and transferable assignments of revenue rights, distinguishing them from private land ownership, though the Mughal system was more elaborately organized.
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Question 15 of 46
What was the 'Diwan-i-Arz' in the Delhi Sultanate administrative structure responsible for?
ExplanationThe Diwan-i-Arz was the department overseeing military organization and administration, distinct from the Diwan-i-Wizarat (finance).
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Question 16 of 46
Which Delhi Sultanate ruler is well known for his strict market control policies (price regulation)?
ExplanationAlauddin Khilji implemented comprehensive market regulations to control prices, particularly to support his large standing army economically.
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Question 17 of 46
What was the 'Zabt' (or Dahsala) system, refined under Akbar by Raja Todar Mal?
ExplanationThe Zabt/Dahsala system calculated land revenue based on a ten-year average of crop yields and prices, providing more standardized assessment.
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Question 18 of 46
What was the administrative hierarchy below a Subah (province) in the Mughal system, in descending order?
ExplanationThe Mughal administrative hierarchy descended from Subah (province) to Sarkar (district) to Pargana (sub-district) to individual villages.
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Question 19 of 46
What were the two key components of rank in Akbar's Mansabdari system?
ExplanationUnder the Mansabdari system, each official (Mansabdar) held a Zat rank (indicating personal status/salary) and a Sawar rank (indicating cavalry obligation).
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Question 20 of 46
What was a 'Jagir' in the Mughal administrative system?
ExplanationA Jagir was a grant of the right to collect land revenue from a specified area, given to Mansabdars as compensation, similar in concept to the earlier Iqta.
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Question 21 of 46
What was the primary source of detailed information about Mughal administrative structure under Akbar?
ExplanationThe Ain-i-Akbari, the third volume of Abul Fazl's Akbarnama, provides detailed documentation of Akbar's administrative, revenue, and military systems.
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Question 22 of 46
Who is credited with systematizing the Iqta system during the Delhi Sultanate?
ExplanationIltutmish is generally credited with organizing and expanding the Iqta system during the early Delhi Sultanate.
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Question 23 of 46
Who is credited with systematizing the Iqta system during the Delhi Sultanate?
ExplanationIltutmish is generally credited with organizing and expanding the Iqta system during the early Delhi Sultanate.
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Question 24 of 46
Which department in the Delhi Sultanate handled royal correspondence and official documents?
ExplanationThe Diwan-i-Insha managed official correspondence, distinct from Diwan-i-Rasalat (foreign/religious affairs) and Diwan-i-Wizarat (finance).
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Question 25 of 46
What major revenue and administrative reforms did Sher Shah Suri implement, later influencing Mughal systems?
ExplanationSher Shah Suri's land measurement and revenue assessment system, along with his currency reform, laid groundwork later refined under Akbar.
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Question 26 of 46
What was the administrative hierarchy below a Subah (province) in the Mughal system, in descending order?
ExplanationThe Mughal administrative hierarchy descended from Subah (province) to Sarkar (district) to Pargana (sub-district) to individual villages.
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Question 27 of 46
What were the two key components of rank in Akbar's Mansabdari system?
ExplanationUnder the Mansabdari system, each official (Mansabdar) held a Zat rank (indicating personal status/salary) and a Sawar rank (indicating cavalry obligation).
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Question 28 of 46
Which Mughal revenue collection method involved sharing the actual harvested crop between the state and cultivator?
ExplanationBatai (crop-sharing) was one of several revenue assessment methods used in Mughal administration, alongside Zabt (measurement-based) and others.
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Question 29 of 46
What was the 'Iqta' system, prominent during the Delhi Sultanate period?
ExplanationThe Iqta system granted revenue rights over land (not ownership) to nobles and soldiers as compensation for service, distinct from full land ownership.
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Question 30 of 46
Which department in the Delhi Sultanate handled royal correspondence and official documents?
ExplanationThe Diwan-i-Insha managed official correspondence, distinct from Diwan-i-Rasalat (foreign/religious affairs) and Diwan-i-Wizarat (finance).
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Question 31 of 46
Which coin, introduced by Sher Shah Suri, became the standard currency later continued and refined under the Mughals?
ExplanationSher Shah Suri's silver Rupiya became the standard currency, with the Mughals also issuing gold Mohurs for larger transactions.
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Question 32 of 46
Who typically maintained urban law and order (a police-like function) in Mughal cities?
ExplanationThe Kotwal was responsible for maintaining law and order and policing functions within Mughal cities.
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Question 33 of 46
What was the 'Zabt' (or Dahsala) system, refined under Akbar by Raja Todar Mal?
ExplanationThe Zabt/Dahsala system calculated land revenue based on a ten-year average of crop yields and prices, providing more standardized assessment.
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Question 34 of 46
What major revenue and administrative reforms did Sher Shah Suri implement, later influencing Mughal systems?
ExplanationSher Shah Suri's land measurement and revenue assessment system, along with his currency reform, laid groundwork later refined under Akbar.
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Question 35 of 46
What was a 'Jagir' in the Mughal administrative system?
ExplanationA Jagir was a grant of the right to collect land revenue from a specified area, given to Mansabdars as compensation, similar in concept to the earlier Iqta.
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Question 36 of 46
What was the primary source of detailed information about Mughal administrative structure under Akbar?
ExplanationThe Ain-i-Akbari, the third volume of Abul Fazl's Akbarnama, provides detailed documentation of Akbar's administrative, revenue, and military systems.
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Question 37 of 46
Which Mughal administrative reform aimed to reduce corruption and abuse by regularly transferring Jagir assignments among Mansabdars?
ExplanationJagirs were often transferred periodically among Mansabdars, partly to prevent officials from developing overly entrenched local power bases.
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Question 38 of 46
Which Mughal official oversaw religious and charitable endowments/grants?
ExplanationThe Sadr-us-Sudur managed religious grants, charitable endowments, and patronage to scholars and religious figures.
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Question 39 of 46
Which official was responsible for the judicial administration and interpretation of Islamic law in the Mughal Empire?
ExplanationThe Qazi (chief justice, at various administrative levels) administered justice according to Islamic law (Sharia).
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Question 40 of 46
Which Mughal official oversaw religious and charitable endowments/grants?
ExplanationThe Sadr-us-Sudur managed religious grants, charitable endowments, and patronage to scholars and religious figures.
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Question 41 of 46
Which of the following best describes the Mughal army's composition?
ExplanationThe Mughal military combined cavalry contingents maintained by Mansabdars, along with infantry, artillery, and war elephants.
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Question 42 of 46
Which Mughal administrative reform aimed to reduce corruption and abuse by regularly transferring Jagir assignments among Mansabdars?
ExplanationJagirs were often transferred periodically among Mansabdars, partly to prevent officials from developing overly entrenched local power bases.
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Question 43 of 46
Who typically maintained urban law and order (a police-like function) in Mughal cities?
ExplanationThe Kotwal was responsible for maintaining law and order and policing functions within Mughal cities.
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Question 44 of 46
Which of the following best describes the Mughal army's composition?
ExplanationThe Mughal military combined cavalry contingents maintained by Mansabdars, along with infantry, artillery, and war elephants.
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Question 45 of 46
What was the 'Diwan-i-Arz' in the Delhi Sultanate administrative structure responsible for?
ExplanationThe Diwan-i-Arz was the department overseeing military organization and administration, distinct from the Diwan-i-Wizarat (finance).
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Question 46 of 46
Which revenue assessment method relied on estimation of crop yield by visual inspection, rather than actual measurement or crop-sharing?
ExplanationKankut involved estimating the standing crop's yield through visual inspection, one of several methods used alongside more precise measurement (Zabt) or crop-sharing (Batai).
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