Logical Mathematical Reasoning Competitive Exams
50 questions · Mathematics
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Question 1 of 50
Solve for x: 4x − 7 = 2x + 9
Explanation4x − 2x = 9 + 7, so 2x = 16, giving x = 8.
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Question 2 of 50
Find the odd one out: Apple, Banana, Carrot, Mango
ExplanationCarrot is a vegetable, while Apple, Banana, and Mango are all fruits.
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Question 3 of 50
If a shirt originally priced at Rs. 1,200 is sold at a 15% discount, the sale price is:
ExplanationDiscount = 15% of 1200 = 180; Sale price = 1200 − 180 = Rs. 1,020.
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Question 4 of 50
If the ratio of boys to girls in a class is 3:2 and there are 30 boys, how many girls are there?
ExplanationSince 3 parts = 30 boys, 1 part = 10; girls (2 parts) = 20.
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Question 5 of 50
If 3x + 5 = 20, the value of x is:
Explanation3x = 20 − 5 = 15, so x = 15/3 = 5.
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Question 6 of 50
Book is to Library as Car is to:
ExplanationJust as books are typically stored in a library, a car is typically stored/kept in a garage.
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Question 7 of 50
Find the next number in the series: 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, ?
ExplanationThis series follows the pattern n² + 1 (1²+1, 2²+1, 3²+1...), so the next term is 6²+1 = 37.
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Question 8 of 50
If y = 2x + 1 and x = 5, the value of y is:
Explanationy = 2(5) + 1 = 10 + 1 = 11.
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Question 9 of 50
A principal of Rs. 1,000 is invested at 8% simple interest per annum for 4 years. The total amount (principal + interest) after 4 years is:
ExplanationSI = (1000×8×4)/100 = 320; Amount = 1000 + 320 = Rs. 1,320.
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Question 10 of 50
Find the next number in the series: 7, 14, 28, 56, ?
ExplanationEach term doubles the previous one, so the next number after 56 is 112.
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Question 11 of 50
The Least Common Multiple (LCM) of 4 and 6 is:
ExplanationThe smallest number divisible by both 4 and 6 is 12.
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Question 12 of 50
If 5 workers can complete a task in 12 days, how many days will 10 workers take to complete the same task (assuming equal work rate)?
ExplanationTotal work = 5 × 12 = 60 worker-days; with 10 workers, time = 60/10 = 6 days.
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Question 13 of 50
The Highest Common Factor (HCF) of 12 and 18 is:
ExplanationThe factors shared by 12 and 18 include 1, 2, 3, and 6; the highest of these is 6.
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Question 14 of 50
Simplify: 5x + 3x − 2x =
ExplanationCombining like terms: 5x + 3x − 2x = 6x.
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Question 15 of 50
Find the next number in the series: 5, 10, 20, 40, ?
ExplanationEach term doubles the previous one, so the next number after 40 is 80.
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Question 16 of 50
A shopkeeper buys an item for Rs. 800 and sells it for Rs. 960. The profit percentage is:
ExplanationProfit = 960 − 800 = 160; Profit % = (160/800) × 100 = 20%.
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Question 17 of 50
Find the next number in the series: 3, 7, 13, 21, 31, ?
ExplanationThe differences increase by 2 each time (4, 6, 8, 10, 12), so 31 + 12 = 43.
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Question 18 of 50
Find the next number in the series: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, ?
ExplanationThis is the Fibonacci sequence, where each number is the sum of the two before it: 5 + 8 = 13.
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Question 19 of 50
A trader sells an article for Rs. 450 at a loss of 10%. The cost price was:
ExplanationIf CP × 0.90 = 450, then CP = 450/0.90 = Rs. 500.
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Question 20 of 50
If all Pilots are Engineers, and no Engineers are Doctors, which conclusion logically follows?
ExplanationSince Pilots are a subset of Engineers, and no Engineers are Doctors, it follows that no Pilots can be Doctors.
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Question 21 of 50
Pen is to Write as Knife is to:
ExplanationA pen's primary function is to write, just as a knife's primary function is to cut.
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Question 22 of 50
Two numbers are in the ratio 5:7. If their sum is 72, the larger number is:
ExplanationTotal parts = 12, so 1 part = 6; larger number (7 parts) = 7 × 6 = 42.
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Question 23 of 50
Find the next number in the series: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, ?
ExplanationThis series lists perfect squares (1², 2², 3²...), so the next term is 6² = 36.
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Question 24 of 50
In a certain code, 'PENCIL' is written as 'QFODJM' (each letter shifted forward by 1). Using the same code, how would 'PAPER' be written?
ExplanationShifting each letter of PAPER forward by one: P→Q, A→B, P→Q, E→F, R→S, giving QBQFS.
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Question 25 of 50
A man's monthly salary is Rs. 60,000. If he saves 20% of his salary, how much does he save monthly?
ExplanationSavings = 20% of 60,000 = 0.20 × 60,000 = Rs. 12,000.
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Question 26 of 50
Find the next number in the series: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, ?
ExplanationThis is the triangular number series, where differences increase by 1 each time (2,3,4,5,6), so 15 + 6 = 21.
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Question 27 of 50
If the price of an item increases from Rs. 200 to Rs. 250, the percentage increase is:
ExplanationIncrease = 50; Percentage increase = (50/200) × 100 = 25%.
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Question 28 of 50
A sum of Rs. 5,000 is invested at 8% compound interest per annum, compounded annually. The amount after 2 years is approximately:
ExplanationA = P(1+R/100)² = 5000 × 1.08² = 5000 × 1.1664 ≈ Rs. 5,832.
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Question 29 of 50
A father is 3 times as old as his son. If the father is 45 years old, the son's age is:
ExplanationIf the father's age (45) is 3 times the son's age, the son's age = 45/3 = 15.
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Question 30 of 50
In an election between two candidates, Candidate A received 60% of the total votes and won by 4,000 votes. The total number of votes cast was:
ExplanationWinning margin = 60% − 40% = 20% of total votes = 4,000, so total votes = 4,000/0.20 = 20,000.
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Question 31 of 50
If x/4 + 3 = 7, the value of x is:
Explanationx/4 = 7 − 3 = 4, so x = 4 × 4 = 16.
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Question 32 of 50
If a + b = 10 and a − b = 4, the value of a is:
ExplanationAdding both equations: 2a = 14, so a = 7.
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Question 33 of 50
If 40% of a number is 80, the number is:
ExplanationIf 0.40 × x = 80, then x = 80/0.40 = 200.
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Question 34 of 50
All cats are animals. All animals need food. Based on these statements, which conclusion logically follows?
ExplanationSince all cats are animals, and all animals need food, it logically follows that all cats need food.
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Question 35 of 50
Find the next number in the series: 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, ?
ExplanationEach term is double the previous one, so the next number after 48 is 96.
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Question 36 of 50
Find the next number in the series: 81, 27, 9, 3, ?
ExplanationEach term is divided by 3, so 3 ÷ 3 = 1.
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Question 37 of 50
A is the brother of B. B is the sister of C. How is A related to C?
ExplanationSince B is C's sister (female) and A is B's brother (male sibling), A and C share the same siblings, making A the brother of C.
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Question 38 of 50
A man walks 5 km North, then turns right and walks 3 km. In which direction is he now facing?
ExplanationFacing North and turning right means he now faces East.
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Question 39 of 50
What is 25% of 480?
Explanation25% of 480 = 0.25 × 480 = 120.
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Question 40 of 50
A car travels 240 km in 4 hours. Its average speed is:
ExplanationAverage speed = distance/time = 240/4 = 60 km/h.
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Question 41 of 50
If CAT is coded as DBU (each letter shifted forward by 1), how is DOG coded using the same pattern?
ExplanationShifting each letter of DOG forward by one: D→E, O→P, G→H, giving EPH.
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Question 42 of 50
A train travels at a speed of 80 km/h. How long will it take to cover a distance of 200 km?
ExplanationTime = distance/speed = 200/80 = 2.5 hours.
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Question 43 of 50
If x² = 49, the possible value(s) of x are:
ExplanationSince both 7² and (−7)² equal 49, x can be either 7 or √7's negative counterpart, −7.
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Question 44 of 50
Find the next number in the series: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, ?
ExplanationEach term increases by 2, so the next number after 10 is 12.
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Question 45 of 50
The average of 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 is:
ExplanationSum = 125; Average = 125/5 = 25.
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Question 46 of 50
Find the next number in the series: 100, 90, 81, 73, ?
ExplanationThe differences decrease by 1 each time (-10, -9, -8, -7), so 73 − 7 = 66.
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Question 47 of 50
Find the next number in the series: 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, ?
ExplanationThis series lists consecutive prime numbers; the next prime after 23 is 29.
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Question 48 of 50
Find the odd one out: Triangle, Square, Circle, Cube
ExplanationA cube is a three-dimensional shape, while Triangle, Square, and Circle are all two-dimensional shapes.
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Question 49 of 50
A sum of Rs. 2,000 is invested at 10% simple interest per annum. The interest earned after 3 years is:
ExplanationSI = (P×R×T)/100 = (2000×10×3)/100 = Rs. 600.
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Question 50 of 50
If 2(x − 4) = 10, the value of x is:
Explanation2x − 8 = 10, so 2x = 18, giving x = 9.
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