Agriculture Food Science Competitive Exams
100 questions · General Science
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Question 1 of 100
Deficiency of vitamin A causes
ExplanationCarrots and leafy vegetables supply carotene.
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Question 2 of 100
Biological control of aphids can be done with
ExplanationLadybirds are natural predators of aphids.
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Question 3 of 100
The Codex Alimentarius sets
ExplanationIt is a joint programme of FAO and WHO.
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Question 4 of 100
Growing two or more crops in alternate rows is
ExplanationIt makes better use of land and reduces risk.
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Question 5 of 100
Sukkur Barrage, built in 1932, is located on the river
ExplanationIt feeds seven canals in Sindh.
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Question 6 of 100
The sugar present in milk is
ExplanationIt is a disaccharide of glucose and galactose.
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Question 7 of 100
Urea is a
ExplanationUrea contains about 46% nitrogen.
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Question 8 of 100
Waterlogging and salinity are major problems of
ExplanationSeepage from canals raises the water table.
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Question 9 of 100
Heating milk to destroy harmful microbes is called
ExplanationIt is named after Louis Pasteur.
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Question 10 of 100
Cry proteins produced by Bt crops act by
ExplanationCry proteins bind to gut receptors, causing larval death.
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Question 11 of 100
In the HTST method, milk is heated at about
ExplanationUHT uses 135 to 150 degrees Celsius for a few seconds.
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Question 12 of 100
Which of the following is a food preservative?
ExplanationIt inhibits growth of yeasts and moulds.
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Question 13 of 100
Trans fats are mainly produced by
ExplanationThey raise LDL cholesterol.
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Question 14 of 100
The most water-efficient irrigation method, with efficiency of about 90 per cent, is
ExplanationEvaporation and runoff losses are minimal.
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Question 15 of 100
Growing different crops in a planned sequence on the same land is
ExplanationIncluding legumes restores soil nitrogen and breaks pest cycles.
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Question 16 of 100
Khairpur in Sindh is famous for
ExplanationIt is the main date-producing district of Pakistan.
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Question 17 of 100
Kharif crops are sown in
ExplanationKharif crops are harvested in autumn (October to December).
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Question 18 of 100
Breaking and loosening soil before sowing is
ExplanationIt prepares the seedbed and controls weeds.
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Question 19 of 100
An unwanted plant growing along with the crop is a
ExplanationWeeds compete with crops for light, water and nutrients.
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Question 20 of 100
Deficiency of vitamin B12 causes
ExplanationB12 is found only in animal foods.
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Question 21 of 100
Agronomy deals with
ExplanationAgronomy is the branch of agriculture concerned with crops and soils.
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Question 22 of 100
Prebiotics are
ExplanationProbiotics are the live microbes themselves.
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Question 23 of 100
Pakistan's irrigation system is based on the
ExplanationIt is one of the largest contiguous irrigation systems in the world.
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Question 24 of 100
Which of the following is an oilseed crop?
ExplanationMustard, sunflower and canola are grown for edible oil.
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Question 25 of 100
The purity of milk (water adulteration) can be checked with a
ExplanationAdded water lowers milk's density.
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Question 26 of 100
Basmati is a famous variety of
ExplanationPakistan is a leading exporter of basmati rice.
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Question 27 of 100
Canning as a method of food preservation was developed by
ExplanationHeat sterilisation in sealed containers prevents spoilage.
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Question 28 of 100
Which of the following is a Rabi crop?
ExplanationRabi crops are sown in winter and harvested in spring.
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Question 29 of 100
Deficiency of iodine causes
ExplanationIodised salt prevents goitre.
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Question 30 of 100
Which method preserves food by lowering temperature?
ExplanationLow temperature slows microbial growth.
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Question 31 of 100
Farmyard manure and compost are
ExplanationThey improve soil structure and humus.
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Question 32 of 100
IRRI, based in the Philippines, is dedicated to
ExplanationIR8 'miracle rice' came from IRRI.
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Question 33 of 100
In NPK fertilisers, the three letters stand for
ExplanationThese are the three primary plant nutrients.
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Question 34 of 100
Kwashiorkor is caused by deficiency of
ExplanationMarasmus is caused by deficiency of overall energy and protein.
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Question 35 of 100
Maize and sugarcane have high yield potential because they are
ExplanationC4 photosynthesis reduces photorespiration.
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Question 36 of 100
Rice grown in standing water is known as
ExplanationRice is a semi-aquatic crop.
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Question 37 of 100
The main protein of milk is
ExplanationCasein precipitates when milk is curdled.
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Question 38 of 100
Gram (chickpea) belongs to the group of
ExplanationLegumes fix nitrogen with the help of Rhizobium.
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Question 39 of 100
A nitrogen-fixing aquatic fern used as biofertiliser in rice fields is
ExplanationAzolla hosts the cyanobacterium Anabaena.
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Question 40 of 100
Rotating insecticides with different modes of action helps to
ExplanationIt is a key resistance management strategy.
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Question 41 of 100
Micropropagation using tissue culture is based on
ExplanationSingle cells or tissues can regenerate a whole plant.
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Question 42 of 100
Deficiency of vitamin D causes
ExplanationSunlight helps the skin synthesise vitamin D.
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Question 43 of 100
Cotton is often called the
ExplanationIt is the country's most important fibre crop and a major export earner.
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Question 44 of 100
Curd is formed from milk by the action of
ExplanationLactic acid bacteria ferment lactose to lactic acid.
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Question 45 of 100
High-yielding dwarf wheat varieties introduced in Pakistan in the 1960s came from
ExplanationMexipak varieties were part of the Green Revolution.
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Question 46 of 100
Which irrigation method saves the most water?
ExplanationWater is delivered directly to the root zone.
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Question 47 of 100
IPM in crop protection stands for
ExplanationIt combines biological, cultural and chemical controls.
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Question 48 of 100
Lactose intolerance is due to deficiency of
ExplanationLactase digests lactose into glucose and galactose.
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Question 49 of 100
The best soil for most crops is
ExplanationLoam is a balanced mixture of sand, silt and clay.
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Question 50 of 100
Dietary fibre (roughage) helps in
ExplanationIt is mostly cellulose and not digested by humans.
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Question 51 of 100
Chemicals used to kill insects are called
ExplanationHerbicides kill weeds.
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Question 52 of 100
The Green Revolution was based on
ExplanationNorman Borlaug is regarded as its father.
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Question 53 of 100
The ratio of grain yield to total plant biomass is the
ExplanationDwarf varieties have a high harvest index.
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Question 54 of 100
Cotton leaf curl virus in Pakistan is transmitted by
ExplanationIt has caused major losses in cotton.
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Question 55 of 100
Deficiency of vitamin C causes
ExplanationCitrus fruits are rich in vitamin C.
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Question 56 of 100
HACCP is a system for
ExplanationHACCP stands for Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points.
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Question 57 of 100
Sugarcane is propagated by
ExplanationEach sett has buds at its nodes.
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Question 58 of 100
The National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC) is located in
ExplanationIt operates under the Pakistan Agricultural Research Council.
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Question 59 of 100
Which food is a rich source of protein?
ExplanationMeat, eggs, milk and pulses are protein sources.
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Question 60 of 100
Late blight of potato, linked to the Irish famine, is caused by
ExplanationIt is an oomycete, not a true fungus.
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Question 61 of 100
Essential amino acids are those that
ExplanationNine amino acids are essential for adults.
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Question 62 of 100
Growing and ploughing in a leguminous crop such as Sesbania is
ExplanationIt adds nitrogen and organic matter.
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Question 63 of 100
Fish farming is called
ExplanationIt includes rearing fish in ponds and cages.
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Question 64 of 100
The main source of energy in our diet is
ExplanationCereals are the main carbohydrate source.
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Question 65 of 100
Sugar is obtained mainly from
ExplanationSugar beet is another source.
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Question 66 of 100
Golden Rice is genetically engineered to produce
ExplanationIt aims to combat vitamin A deficiency.
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Question 67 of 100
Which pair is correctly matched?
ExplanationPoultry is bred for either meat or egg production.
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Question 68 of 100
The ideal soil pH for most crops is about
ExplanationNutrient availability is best near neutral pH.
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Question 69 of 100
Which of the following is a citrus fruit grown widely in Punjab?
ExplanationKinnow is a mandarin hybrid.
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Question 70 of 100
Which of the following is a biofertiliser?
ExplanationAzotobacter and blue-green algae are also biofertilisers.
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Question 71 of 100
Aflatoxins in stored groundnut and maize are produced by
ExplanationThey are carcinogenic mycotoxins.
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Question 72 of 100
Vitamin K is essential for
ExplanationGreen leafy vegetables are a good source.
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Question 73 of 100
Sodic (alkali) soils are reclaimed using
ExplanationCalcium from gypsum replaces sodium on soil particles.
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Question 74 of 100
CIMMYT, an international research centre in Mexico, works mainly on
ExplanationIt supported the Green Revolution in wheat.
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Question 75 of 100
The headquarters of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is in
ExplanationFAO is a specialised agency of the United Nations.
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Question 76 of 100
Industrial ammonia for nitrogen fertilisers is made by the
ExplanationN2 and H2 combine over an iron catalyst at high pressure.
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Question 77 of 100
Microbial growth in food is reduced when its water activity (aw) is
ExplanationDrying, salting and sugaring lower aw.
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Question 78 of 100
Growing plants in nutrient solutions without soil is
ExplanationIt is used for vegetables in controlled environments.
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Question 79 of 100
Pickling preserves food by
ExplanationLow pH and high salt inhibit microbes.
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Question 80 of 100
Rhizobium bacteria live in the root nodules of
ExplanationThey fix atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia for the host plant.
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Question 81 of 100
Artificial supply of water to crops is
ExplanationIt supplements rainfall.
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Question 82 of 100
Browning of sugar alone on heating is
ExplanationNo amino acids are involved.
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Question 83 of 100
Deficiency of iron causes
ExplanationIron is part of haemoglobin.
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Question 84 of 100
The browning reaction between amino acids and reducing sugars during baking is the
ExplanationIt produces flavour and colour in bread crust and roasted foods.
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Question 85 of 100
Wheat stem rust is caused by
ExplanationThe race Ug99 threatened wheat worldwide.
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Question 86 of 100
Increased vigour of a first-generation hybrid is called
ExplanationHybrid maize and sunflower exploit heterosis.
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Question 87 of 100
The staple food crop of Pakistan is
ExplanationWheat is the main cereal consumed in Pakistan.
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Question 88 of 100
Nili-Ravi is a famous breed of
ExplanationIt is a high-milk-yield buffalo breed of Pakistan.
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Question 89 of 100
Bt cotton contains a gene from
ExplanationThe Bt toxin protects against bollworms.
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Question 90 of 100
Vermicompost is prepared using
ExplanationEarthworms convert organic waste into nutrient-rich castings.
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Question 91 of 100
Gluten, which causes coeliac disease, is mainly found in
ExplanationGliadin and glutenin form gluten.
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Question 92 of 100
Which of the following is a Kharif crop?
ExplanationCotton, sugarcane and maize are also Kharif crops in Pakistan.
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Question 93 of 100
The rearing of honeybees is called
ExplanationHoney and wax are the products.
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Question 94 of 100
Bread dough rises due to
ExplanationSaccharomyces cerevisiae ferments sugars.
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Question 95 of 100
Adding nutrients such as iron and folic acid to wheat flour is
ExplanationIt helps combat micronutrient deficiencies.
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Question 96 of 100
Pellagra is caused by deficiency of
ExplanationBeriberi is caused by thiamine deficiency.
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Question 97 of 100
A crop grown mainly for sale rather than for the farmer's own use is a
ExplanationCotton and sugarcane are major cash crops.
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Question 98 of 100
Sustainable Development Goal 2 aims at
ExplanationIt targets food security, nutrition and sustainable agriculture.
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Question 99 of 100
Soils are classed as saline when electrical conductivity (EC) exceeds about
ExplanationHigh salts hamper water uptake by roots.
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Question 100 of 100
The Glycaemic Index ranks foods by
ExplanationHigh-GI foods raise blood sugar rapidly.
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