Constitution-of-Pakistan-1973-Batch-3-of-5 Judiciary
63 questions · Judiciary
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Question 1 of 63
Under Article 175(3), the Judiciary was to be separated progressively from the Executive within how many years of the commencing day?
ExplanationArticle 175(3), as amended by P.O. 14 of 1985, extended the separation-of-judiciary timeline from the original five years to fourteen years from the commencing day (14 August 1973).
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Question 2 of 63
Under Article 160(2)(a), one duty of the NFC is to recommend to the President the:
ExplanationArticle 160(2)(a) is the NFC's central function: recommending how nationally-collected tax revenue should be divided between the Federation and the Provinces.
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Question 3 of 63
Under Article 144(1), Parliament may legislate on a matter outside the Federal Legislative List for one or more Provinces if:
ExplanationArticle 144(1) is a consent-based mechanism: if one or more Provincial Assemblies pass a resolution requesting Parliament to legislate on a non-Federal-List matter, Parliament may do so for those provinces.
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Question 4 of 63
Under Article 169, the Auditor-General's functions in relation to Federal and Provincial accounts are determined by:
ExplanationArticle 169 makes the Auditor-General's precise functions and powers a matter for an Act of Parliament to determine — currently the Auditor-General's (Functions, Powers and Terms and Conditions of Service) Ordinance, 2001.
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Question 5 of 63
Under Article 129(1), the executive authority of a Province is exercised in the name of the Governor by the Provincial Government, consisting of:
ExplanationArticle 129(1) mirrors Article 90 for the Federation: the Provincial Government (Chief Minister and Provincial Ministers) exercises executive authority in the Governor's name, acting through the Chief Minister.
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Question 6 of 63
Under Article 160(1), a National Finance Commission must be constituted within six months of the commencing day, and thereafter at intervals not exceeding:
ExplanationArticle 160(1) requires the President to constitute a new National Finance Commission at intervals not exceeding five years — though in practice, awards have often lapsed well beyond this constitutional deadline.
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Question 7 of 63
The Federal Constitutional Court was created by which constitutional amendment?
ExplanationChapter 1A (Articles 175B-175L), establishing the Federal Constitutional Court, was inserted in its entirety by the Constitution (Twenty-seventh Amendment) Act, 2025, effective 13 November 2025.
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Question 8 of 63
Under Article 114, as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), no discussion may take place in a Provincial Assembly regarding the conduct of a Judge of:
ExplanationArticle 114, mirroring Article 68 for Parliament, was amended by the 27th Amendment to add the Federal Constitutional Court to the list of courts whose judges' conduct cannot be discussed.
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Question 9 of 63
Under Article 130(11), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), the Chief Minister may appoint not more than how many Advisers?
ExplanationThe 27th Amendment substituted 'seven' for the earlier 'five' Adviser limit in Article 130(11), mirroring the identical change made to the Prime Minister's Adviser limit in Article 93(1).
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Question 10 of 63
Under Article 154, the Council of Common Interests formulates and regulates policy on matters in:
ExplanationArticle 154(1) charges the Council with formulating and regulating policy on matters in Part II of the Federal Legislative List (such as railways, major ports, electricity, and national planning) and supervising related institutions.
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Question 11 of 63
Under Article 113, the qualifications and disqualifications for Provincial Assembly membership are those set out in:
ExplanationArticle 113 applies the National Assembly qualification/disqualification rules of Articles 62 and 63 to Provincial Assembly membership by reference, substituting 'Provincial Assembly' for 'National Assembly.'
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Question 12 of 63
Under Article 141, Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) may make laws for the whole or any part of Pakistan, including laws having:
ExplanationArticle 141 expressly empowers Parliament to make laws with extra-territorial operation, for the whole or any part of Pakistan, while a Provincial Assembly's power is confined to its own Province.
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Question 13 of 63
Under Article 115(1), a Money Bill in a Provincial Assembly requires the consent of the:
ExplanationArticle 115(1) requires that a Money Bill or a Bill involving expenditure from the Provincial Consolidated Fund not be introduced except by or with the consent of the Provincial Government.
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Question 14 of 63
Under Article 142(a), Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) has exclusive power to make laws on matters in the:
ExplanationArticle 142(a) gives Parliament exclusive legislative power over the Federal Legislative List (Fourth Schedule) — the Concurrent List was abolished entirely by the 18th Amendment.
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Question 15 of 63
Under Article 175A(2)(vi), the Judicial Commission includes an advocate nominated by the Pakistan Bar Council who has practised in the Supreme Court for at least:
ExplanationArticle 175A(2)(vi) requires the Bar Council's nominee to have not less than fifteen years of practice in the Supreme Court, serving a two-year term on the Commission.
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Question 16 of 63
Under Article 175A(3), as amended, the Chief Justice of the FCC or Supreme Court is nominated by the Special Parliamentary Committee from amongst:
ExplanationArticle 175A(3) requires the Special Parliamentary Committee to select the Chief Justice nominee from among the three most senior Judges of the relevant Court — departing from the older strict-seniority-only rule.
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Question 17 of 63
Under Article 106(1), the Balochistan Provincial Assembly has a total of how many seats?
ExplanationArticle 106(1) fixes Balochistan's Provincial Assembly at 65 total seats: 51 general, 11 women, 3 non-Muslim.
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Question 18 of 63
Under Article 175I, an ordinary Judge of the Federal Constitutional Court holds office until age:
ExplanationArticle 175I sets the retirement age for FCC Judges at sixty-eight — notably higher than the Supreme Court's retirement age of 65.
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Question 19 of 63
Under Article 175E(5), the Federal Constitutional Court may call for the record of any pending case, on its own motion, if the case involves:
ExplanationArticle 175E(5) gives the FCC a suo motu-style power to call for case records, but only where a substantial constitutional-interpretation question is involved — not a general appellate power.
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Question 20 of 63
Under Article 175L(1), the permanent seat of the Federal Constitutional Court is at:
ExplanationArticle 175L(1) fixes Islamabad as the FCC's permanent seat, though clause (2) allows it to sit elsewhere with the Chief Justice's designation and the President's prior approval.
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Question 21 of 63
Under Article 128(2)(a), a Governor's Ordinance, if not laid before or disapproved, stands repealed after how many days from promulgation (before any extension)?
ExplanationArticle 128(2)(a), as amended by the 18th Amendment, sets the Governor's Ordinance lapse period at ninety days — shorter than the President's 120-day period under Article 89, though it may be extended once by 120 more days.
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Question 22 of 63
Under Article 175H, the Federal Constitutional Court's advisory jurisdiction is triggered when:
ExplanationArticle 175H(1) mirrors the Supreme Court's old advisory jurisdiction (Article 186): the President alone may refer a question of law of public importance to the FCC for its opinion.
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Question 23 of 63
Article 166 empowers the executive authority of the Federation to extend to borrowing upon the security of:
ExplanationArticle 166 permits the Federation to borrow on the security of the Federal Consolidated Fund, subject to any limits Parliament may fix by law.
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Question 24 of 63
Under Article 140A(1), each Province shall, by law, establish a local government system and devolve responsibility to:
ExplanationArticle 140A(1), inserted by the 18th Amendment (2010), constitutionally mandates devolution of political, administrative and financial authority to elected local government representatives.
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Question 25 of 63
Under Article 112(1), the Provincial Assembly stands dissolved how long after the Chief Minister advises the Governor to dissolve it?
ExplanationArticle 112(1) mirrors Article 58(1) for the National Assembly: dissolution occurs 48 hours after the Chief Minister's advice.
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Question 26 of 63
Under Article 175A(2), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), for appointments to the Federal Constitutional Court and Supreme Court, who chairs the Judicial Commission?
ExplanationArticle 175A(2), Explanation I, provides that the more senior of the two Chief Justices (FCC and Supreme Court) chairs the Commission for these appointments, with seniority reckoned from their respective appointment dates.
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Question 27 of 63
Under Article 174, the Federal Government or a Provincial Government may sue and be sued by the name of:
ExplanationArticle 174 permits legal proceedings to be brought by or against the Federal or a Provincial Government using the simple designations 'Pakistan' or 'the Province of [name]'.
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Question 28 of 63
Article 157 deals with disputes concerning:
ExplanationArticle 157 addresses electricity-related federal-provincial coordination, including the siting of power stations and inter-provincial transmission lines.
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Question 29 of 63
Under Article 168(1), the Auditor-General of Pakistan is appointed by:
ExplanationArticle 168(1): 'There shall be an Auditor-General of Pakistan, who shall be appointed by the President.'
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Question 30 of 63
Under the proviso to Article 175I, the Chief Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court holds that specific office for a fixed term of:
ExplanationArticle 175I's proviso caps the Chief Justice of the FCC's tenure in that specific office at three years (or earlier resignation/removal/age 68), after which he stands retired regardless of his age — a deliberately shorter, rotating headship.
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Question 31 of 63
Under the proviso to Article 175F(1)(c), no FCC appeal lies against a High Court's Article 199 order in cases relating to:
ExplanationArticle 175F(1)(c)'s proviso excludes rent and family matters (other than guardianship) from FCC appellate jurisdiction over High Court Article 199 orders — keeping such disputes at the High Court level.
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Question 32 of 63
Under Article 127(g), the minimum sitting-days requirement that applies to the National Assembly under Article 54(2) is modified for Provincial Assemblies to:
ExplanationArticle 127(g), as amended by the 18th Amendment, substitutes 'one hundred' for the National Assembly's 'one hundred and thirty' working days when applying Article 54(2) to Provincial Assemblies.
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Question 33 of 63
Under Article 175D, the Chief Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court takes his oath before:
ExplanationArticle 175D: the Chief Justice of the FCC takes his oath before the President; other FCC Judges take theirs before the Chief Justice of the FCC.
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Question 34 of 63
Under Article 175A(1), the body responsible for nominating Judges to the superior judiciary is the:
ExplanationArticle 175A(1) establishes the Judicial Commission of Pakistan as the body responsible for the appointment process of Judges to the FCC, Supreme Court, High Courts, and Federal Shariat Court.
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Question 35 of 63
Under Article 142(b), as substituted by the 18th Amendment, both Parliament and a Provincial Assembly have power to make laws on:
ExplanationArticle 142(b), rewritten by the 18th Amendment after the Concurrent List's abolition, specifically preserves concurrent (shared) legislative competence over criminal law, criminal procedure and the law of evidence.
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Question 36 of 63
Under Article 173, the executive authority of the Federation and of a Province extends, subject to law, to the:
ExplanationArticle 173(1) extends Federal and Provincial executive authority to acquiring, holding and disposing of property, and to entering into contracts, subject to law and the Constitution.
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Question 37 of 63
Under Article 140(1), the Advocate-General for a Province must be qualified to be appointed a Judge of the:
ExplanationArticle 140(1) requires the Advocate-General to be qualified for appointment as a Judge of the High Court — the provincial-level counterpart to the Attorney-General's Article 100 qualification.
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Question 38 of 63
Under Article 168(3), the Auditor-General holds office for a term of four years from assuming office, or until he attains what age, whichever is earlier?
ExplanationArticle 168(3) fixes the Auditor-General's tenure at four years or age sixty-five, whichever comes first — whichever limit is reached sooner ends the term.
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Question 39 of 63
Under Article 175C(2), a person is qualified for appointment as an FCC Judge if he is or has been a Judge of the Supreme Court, OR has been a High Court Judge for at least how many years, OR has been a High Court advocate (and Supreme Court advocate) for at least how many years?
ExplanationArticle 175C(2) sets three alternative qualification routes: current/former Supreme Court Judge; at least 5 years as a High Court Judge; or at least 20 years as a High Court advocate who is also a Supreme Court advocate.
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Question 40 of 63
Under Article 175(1), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), the superior courts of Pakistan named in the Constitution now include:
ExplanationArticle 175(1), as amended, now names the Federal Constitutional Court first, alongside the Supreme Court, a High Court for each Province, the Islamabad High Court, and such other courts as may be established by law.
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Question 41 of 63
Under Article 153, the Council of Common Interests is appointed by:
ExplanationArticle 153(1) establishes the Council of Common Interests, to be appointed by the President.
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Question 42 of 63
Under Article 136(1), a no-confidence resolution against the Chief Minister must be moved by not less than what percentage of the Provincial Assembly's total membership?
ExplanationArticle 136(1) mirrors Article 95(1) for the Prime Minister: the resolution requires the support of not less than twenty per centum of the total membership.
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Question 43 of 63
Under Article 175E(3), the Federal Constitutional Court may exercise Article-199-type powers for enforcing Fundamental Rights matters of public importance, but only if:
ExplanationArticle 175E(3)'s proviso requires that this public-importance fundamental-rights jurisdiction only be exercised upon an application filed by a person — mirroring the old Article 184(3) mechanism, now moved to the FCC.
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Question 44 of 63
Under Article 175E(1), the Federal Constitutional Court has exclusive original jurisdiction over:
ExplanationArticle 175E(1) gives the FCC exclusive original jurisdiction over inter-governmental disputes — the same jurisdiction the Supreme Court held under the old Article 184(1) before the 27th Amendment transferred it to the FCC.
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Question 45 of 63
Under Article 116(2), when a Bill is presented to the Governor for assent, he must act within:
ExplanationArticle 116(2), as amended by the 18th Amendment, gives the Governor ten days to assent or (for non-Money Bills) return the Bill for reconsideration — mirroring Article 75 for the President.
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Question 46 of 63
Under Article 139(1), all executive actions of the Provincial Government are expressed to be taken in the name of:
ExplanationArticle 139(1) mirrors Article 99 for the Federal Government: Provincial executive actions are formally taken in the Governor's name, even though real power rests with the Chief Minister.
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Question 47 of 63
Under Article 117(2), a Bill pending in a Provincial Assembly lapses upon:
ExplanationArticle 117(2): a Bill pending in a Provincial Assembly lapses on the dissolution of the Assembly (clause (1) clarifies that mere prorogation does NOT cause lapse).
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Question 48 of 63
Under Article 160(1), the National Finance Commission consists of the Federal Finance Minister, the Provincial Finance Ministers, and:
ExplanationArticle 160(1) rounds out NFC membership with other persons the President appoints after consultation with the Provincial Governors.
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Question 49 of 63
Under Article 130(6), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), the total strength of a Provincial Cabinet shall not exceed how many members, or what percentage of total Assembly membership, whichever is higher?
ExplanationThe 27th Amendment (2025) raised the Provincial Cabinet cap in Article 130(6) from fifteen members/eleven percent to seventeen members or thirteen percent of total Assembly membership, whichever is higher.
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Question 50 of 63
Under Article 154(3), the Council of Common Interests must meet at least once in every:
ExplanationArticle 154(3) requires the Council to meet at least once in ninety days, ensuring regular federal-provincial coordination.
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Question 51 of 63
Article 172 addresses ownership of property that has no rightful owner (bona vacantia); such property, if situated in Pakistan, vests in:
ExplanationArticle 172(1) provides that any property that has no rightful owner (and would otherwise pass to the State as bona vacantia) vests in the Federal Government, unless it is situated within a Province, in which case it vests in the Provincial Government.
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Question 52 of 63
Under Article 140A(2), elections to local governments shall be held by:
ExplanationArticle 140A(2), inserted by the 18th Amendment, mandates that local government elections be conducted by the Election Commission of Pakistan, not provincial authorities.
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Question 53 of 63
The Council of Common Interests is chaired by:
ExplanationArticle 153(2)(a) makes the Prime Minister the Chairman of the Council of Common Interests, which also includes the four provincial Chief Ministers and three Federal Government nominees.
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Question 54 of 63
Under Article 107, a Provincial Assembly's term, unless sooner dissolved, is:
ExplanationArticle 107 fixes the Provincial Assembly's term at five years from its first meeting, mirroring the National Assembly's term under Article 52.
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Question 55 of 63
Under Article 175B(1), the Federal Constitutional Court must have, from each Province:
ExplanationArticle 175B(1)'s proviso requires the FCC to have an equal number of Judges from each Province, plus at least one Judge from the Islamabad High Court (whose number may never exceed that of any single Province).
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Question 56 of 63
Under Article 171, the Auditor-General's reports relating to the accounts of the Federation are submitted to the President, who must lay them before:
ExplanationArticle 171 requires the President to cause the Auditor-General's federal audit reports to be laid before the National Assembly, enabling parliamentary financial oversight.
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Question 57 of 63
Under the proviso to Article 130(5), there is:
ExplanationArticle 130(5)'s proviso, mirroring Article 91(5) for the Prime Minister, states there shall be no restriction on the number of terms for the office of Chief Minister.
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Question 58 of 63
Article 155 empowers the Council of Common Interests to adjudicate complaints regarding:
ExplanationArticle 155 gives the Council jurisdiction over complaints of interference with water supplies from any natural source or reservoir — a critical inter-provincial water-sharing mechanism.
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Question 59 of 63
Under Article 142(c), a Provincial Assembly (not Parliament) has power to legislate on matters:
ExplanationArticle 142(c) gives residuary legislative power to the provinces: any matter not in the Federal Legislative List (and not covered by the shared criminal-law competence in (b)) belongs to the Provincial Assembly.
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Question 60 of 63
Under Article 106(3)(a), general seats in a Provincial Assembly are filled by:
ExplanationArticle 106(3)(a) mirrors the National Assembly rule: general seats are single-member territorial constituencies filled by direct and free vote.
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Question 61 of 63
Under Article 175E(2), in exercising its exclusive original jurisdiction over inter-governmental disputes, the Federal Constitutional Court shall pronounce:
ExplanationArticle 175E(2) limits the FCC's original-jurisdiction remedy to declaratory judgments only, in inter-governmental disputes.
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Question 62 of 63
Under Article 168(2), before entering office, the Auditor-General takes his oath before:
ExplanationArticle 168(2) requires the Auditor-General to take his oath, in the Third Schedule form, before the Chief Justice of Pakistan.
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Question 63 of 63
Under Article 143, where a Provincial Assembly Act is repugnant to a competent Act of Parliament, which prevails?
ExplanationArticle 143 establishes federal supremacy in case of conflict: Parliament's Act prevails regardless of the order of enactment, and the Provincial Act is void to the extent of the repugnancy.
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