Constitution of Pakistan, 1973 Law GAT MCQs
249 questions · Law GAT
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Question 1 of 249
Under Article 206, a Supreme Court or High Court judge may resign office by:
ExplanationArticle 206 requires a judge's resignation to be in writing, addressed to the President.
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Question 2 of 249
Under Article 53(1), the National Assembly elects from amongst its members a Speaker and:
ExplanationArticle 53(1) provides for the election of one Speaker and one Deputy Speaker from amongst National Assembly members.
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Question 3 of 249
Article 63(1)(n) disqualifies a person who has an outstanding bank loan of what minimum amount, unpaid for over a year?
ExplanationArticle 63(1)(n) sets the threshold at two million rupees or more remaining unpaid for over one year.
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Question 4 of 249
Article 37(d) directs the State to ensure inexpensive and speedy justice through what specific reform?
ExplanationArticle 37(d) speaks to simplifying and expediting legal procedure for accessible justice.
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Question 5 of 249
Under Article 180, when the office of Chief Justice (of the Supreme Court) is vacant or the Chief Justice is unable to act, the President appoints which judge to act, per the post-27th Amendment wording?
ExplanationArticle 180, as amended by the 27th Amendment, changed the wording from 'the most senior' to simply 'one of the other Judges,' giving the President some latitude in this temporary appointment.
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Question 6 of 249
Under Article 203E(4), a party before the Federal Shariat Court may be represented by a legal practitioner who is a Muslim and has been enrolled as an advocate of a High Court for not less than how many years (or be an Advocate of the Supreme Court)?
ExplanationArticle 203E(4) sets the five-year High Court advocate threshold (or Supreme Court advocate status) for representation before the Federal Shariat Court.
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Question 7 of 249
Article 63(1)(b) disqualifies a person from Parliament membership if he is:
ExplanationArticle 63(1)(b) lists being an undischarged insolvent as a disqualification from membership.
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Question 8 of 249
Under Article 51(3), as it currently stands, how many seats in the National Assembly are reserved for women?
ExplanationArticle 51(3) currently reserves sixty seats for women, allocated to each Province on the basis of population in accordance with the last preceding census.
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Question 9 of 249
Article 15 guarantees every citizen the right to:
ExplanationArticle 15 guarantees freedom of movement -- the right to remain, enter, move freely, and reside/settle in any part of Pakistan, subject to reasonable restrictions.
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Question 10 of 249
Under Article 179, as amended, a Supreme Court judge holds office until age sixty-five, while the Chief Justice's term (post-26th Amendment) is capped at:
ExplanationThe proviso to Article 179, inserted by the 26th Amendment (2024), caps the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court's tenure at three years, retiring on completion regardless of age.
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Question 11 of 249
Under Article 175A(3A), the Special Parliamentary Committee for nominating Chief Justices consists of how many total members?
ExplanationArticle 175A(3A), as inserted by the 26th Amendment, fixes the Committee at twelve members: eight from the National Assembly and four from the Senate.
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Question 12 of 249
Article 1(3) provides that the territories of Pakistan may be altered by:
ExplanationArticle 1(3) allows alteration of Pakistan's territorial boundaries through an Act of Parliament.
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Question 13 of 249
Under Article 175A(18)-(19), if a High Court judge's performance is found unsatisfactory even after an improvement period, the Commission sends its report to:
ExplanationArticle 175A(19), inserted by the 26th Amendment, channels persistently unsatisfactory performance evaluations to the Supreme Judicial Council.
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Question 14 of 249
Under Article 75(1), within how many days must the President assent to, or return, a Bill presented to him?
ExplanationArticle 75(1) requires the President to act -- assent or return (for non-Money Bills) -- within ten days.
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Question 15 of 249
Under Article 176, the Supreme Court consists of a Chief Justice and such other judges as may be determined by:
ExplanationArticle 176 provides that the number of Supreme Court judges is fixed by Act of Parliament or, until then, by the President.
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Question 16 of 249
Under Article 70(1), Bills with respect to any matter in the Concurrent Legislative List (prior to its abolition by the 18th Amendment) could originate in:
ExplanationBefore the 18th Amendment abolished the Concurrent Legislative List in 2010, Bills on such matters could originate in either House, similar to Federal List matters under Article 70.
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Question 17 of 249
Under Article 89(2)(b), an Ordinance not relating to Money Bill matters, if not laid before the relevant House or disapproved, stands repealed after how many days from promulgation (current general default, distinct from the Money-Bill-specific 120-day rule)?
ExplanationFollowing constitutional amendments aligning the general Ordinance lapse period, the default repeal threshold for non-Money-Bill Ordinances was brought into closer alignment with the 120-day framework, subject to the precise sub-clause governing each scenario.
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Question 18 of 249
According to Article 4(2)(c), no person shall be compelled to do:
ExplanationArticle 4(2)(c) specifically protects a person from being compelled to do anything the law does not require.
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Question 19 of 249
Article 81 lists expenditure 'charged upon the Federal Consolidated Fund.' Which of the following is included?
ExplanationArticle 81(a) specifically lists remuneration of the President and judges of the Federal Constitutional Court, Supreme Court, and Islamabad High Court as charged expenditure.
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Question 20 of 249
Article 175A's structure was substantially introduced by which constitutional amendment?
ExplanationThe Judicial Commission framework under Article 175A was introduced by the 18th Amendment in 2010, replacing the earlier sole-discretion model.
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Question 21 of 249
Article 202A, inserted by the 26th Amendment, provides that no High Court bench other than a Constitutional Bench may exercise jurisdiction under Article 199, but this regime takes effect only when:
ExplanationArticle 202A(7) makes the Constitutional Bench regime for High Courts contingent on a resolution by the relevant legislative body, rather than automatic and immediate effect.
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Question 22 of 249
Article 178 requires the Chief Justice (FCC or Supreme Court, as applicable) to take oath before the President, while other judges take oath before:
ExplanationArticle 178 distinguishes: the Chief Justice swears before the President, while other judges of that court swear before their own Chief Justice.
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Question 23 of 249
Article 66(1) grants members of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) freedom of speech and immunity from court proceedings for:
ExplanationArticle 66(1) is the parliamentary privilege clause protecting speech and votes within Parliament from court proceedings.
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Question 24 of 249
Article 212A historically dealt with the constitution of which specialized tribunal, before later omission/amendment over time?
ExplanationArticle 212A historically provided for a Labour Appellate Tribunal, reflecting the Constitution's framework for specialized adjudicatory bodies outside the ordinary court hierarchy.
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Question 25 of 249
Under Article 76(3), a Bill pending in the National Assembly lapses upon:
ExplanationArticle 76(3) provides that a Bill pending in the National Assembly (or passed by it but pending in the Senate) lapses on dissolution of the National Assembly.
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Question 26 of 249
Under the proviso to Article 89(2)(a), an Ordinance's repeal period may be extended for a further one hundred and twenty days, and such extension may be made:
ExplanationThe proviso to Article 89(2)(a) explicitly states the extension for a further period may be made only once.
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Question 27 of 249
As per the current Article 59(1), how many total Senate seats currently exist (post-25th Amendment, 2018)?
ExplanationArticle 59(1), as amended by the 25th Amendment (2018) following FATA's merger into KP, fixed total Senate seats at ninety-six.
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Question 28 of 249
Under Article 192(1), a High Court consists of a Chief Justice and other judges as determined by:
ExplanationArticle 192(1) mirrors the Supreme Court's structure: judge numbers fixed by law or, until then, by the President.
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Question 29 of 249
The Federal Constitutional Court's decisions, under Article 189 (as amended), are binding on:
ExplanationArticle 189(1), as substituted by the 27th Amendment, makes FCC decisions on questions of law binding on all other courts including the Supreme Court.
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Question 30 of 249
Under Article 190, all executive and judicial authorities throughout Pakistan must act in aid of:
ExplanationArticle 190, as amended by the 27th Amendment, now requires action in aid of both the Federal Constitutional Court and the Supreme Court.
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Question 31 of 249
What is the constitutional name given to the writ-like remedy for unlawful detention, addressed substantively in Article 10?
ExplanationArticle 10 deals with the substantive protection against unlawful arrest and detention, embodying the habeas corpus principle even though Pakistan's Constitution does not use that Latin term directly.
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Question 32 of 249
Article 37(h) directs the State to prevent consumption of alcoholic liquor except for medicinal purposes and, in the case of non-Muslims, for what other purpose?
ExplanationArticle 37(h) permits an exception for non-Muslims for religious purposes, besides medicinal use generally.
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Question 33 of 249
Under Article 203D(1A), certain laws are excluded from the Federal Shariat Court's repugnancy review, including the Constitution itself and which other category?
ExplanationArticle 203D(1A) excludes the Constitution, Muslim personal law, and the procedural law of any court or tribunal from Shariat Court review under this Article.
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Question 34 of 249
Article 27(1) prohibits discrimination against citizens in respect of appointment to the service of Pakistan on grounds of race, religion, caste, sex, residence or place of birth, EXCEPT for what specific permitted purpose?
ExplanationArticle 27(1)'s proviso permits temporary reservation of posts for persons of under-represented classes or areas, time-bound under clause (1) as periodically extended.
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Question 35 of 249
Under Article 209, the Supreme Judicial Council is empowered to hear cases of:
ExplanationArticle 209 establishes the Supreme Judicial Council specifically to address misconduct allegations against superior court judges.
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Question 36 of 249
Article 24(4) states that the adequacy of compensation for compulsorily acquired property shall:
ExplanationArticle 24(4) bars courts from questioning the adequacy of compensation provided under laws referred to in this Article.
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Question 37 of 249
Under Article 36, due representation of minorities specifically extends to which two levels of service?
ExplanationArticle 36 mentions due representation of minorities in Federal and Provincial services specifically.
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Question 38 of 249
Article 36 obliges the State to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of:
ExplanationArticle 36 protects minorities generally, including their due representation in Federal and Provincial services.
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Question 39 of 249
Under Article 37(a), the State shall promote, with special care, the educational and economic interests of which groups?
ExplanationArticle 37(a) specifically directs special care for backward classes or backward areas in educational and economic policy.
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Question 40 of 249
Article 13(a) protects an accused from being:
ExplanationArticle 13(a) is Pakistan's double jeopardy protection: no person shall be prosecuted or punished for the same offence more than once.
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Question 41 of 249
Under Article 64(2), a House may declare a member's seat vacant if he remains absent, without leave, for how many consecutive days of its sittings?
ExplanationArticle 64(2) sets the threshold at forty consecutive days of absence without leave.
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Question 42 of 249
Article 11(3) prohibits engaging a child below what age in a factory, mine, or hazardous employment?
ExplanationArticle 11(3) sets the threshold age at fourteen years for prohibition from hazardous employment.
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Question 43 of 249
Under Article 89(2)(a)(ii), if an Ordinance is disapproved by a resolution of the relevant House before the expiry of its term, the Ordinance stands repealed:
ExplanationArticle 89(2)(a)(ii) provides for immediate repeal of an Ordinance upon a disapproving resolution, rather than waiting out the full default period.
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Question 44 of 249
Under Article 175A(4), for appointment of a High Court judge, the Judicial Commission includes the Chief Justice of which court as a member?
ExplanationArticle 175A(4) includes the Chief Justice of the High Court concerned as a member of the Commission when considering appointments to that specific High Court.
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Question 45 of 249
Article 22(1) protects students attending educational institutions from being required to:
ExplanationArticle 22(1) ensures no person attending an educational institution is required to receive religious instruction or attend worship relating to a religion other than their own.
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Question 46 of 249
Under Article 62(1)(b), the minimum age for membership of the National Assembly is:
ExplanationArticle 62(1)(b) sets twenty-five years as the minimum age for National Assembly membership.
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Question 47 of 249
Where is the seat of the Federal Constitutional Court located?
ExplanationThe Federal Constitutional Court, like the Supreme Court, is seated in Islamabad, Pakistan's federal capital.
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Question 48 of 249
Under Article 175A(3), the Chief Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court are nominated by which body?
ExplanationArticle 175A(3) provides for nomination by the Special Parliamentary Committee from amongst the three most senior judges of the relevant court.
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Question 49 of 249
Under Article 82(1), expenditure charged upon the Federal Consolidated Fund may be discussed in the National Assembly but is:
ExplanationArticle 82(1) allows discussion of charged expenditure but explicitly excludes it from being put to a vote.
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Question 50 of 249
Article 5(1) states that loyalty to the State is:
ExplanationArticle 5(1) declares loyalty to the State to be the basic duty of every citizen.
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Question 51 of 249
Under Article 27(1)'s proviso, what additional protection is given regarding under-representation of any class/area in the service of Pakistan?
ExplanationThe proviso to Article 27(1) allows affirmative special provisions for appointment of persons from underrepresented classes or areas without violating the general non-discrimination principle.
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Question 52 of 249
Under Article 182, an ad hoc Judge of the Supreme Court may be appointed from a person who has held that office before, provided not more than how many years have elapsed since he ceased to hold it?
ExplanationArticle 182(a) limits eligibility to within three years of a retired Supreme Court judge ceasing to hold that office.
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Question 53 of 249
Under Article 175A(12), the Special Parliamentary Committee for confirmation of judicial appointments (other than Chief Justices) has how many total members?
ExplanationArticle 175A(12) establishes an eight-member Special Parliamentary Committee for confirming regular judicial nominations from the Judicial Commission.
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Question 54 of 249
Article 199 is generally described as the source of which jurisdiction at the provincial level?
ExplanationArticle 199 sets out the High Courts' constitutional power to issue writ-type orders against public authorities, commonly called Pakistan's writ jurisdiction at the provincial level.
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Question 55 of 249
Which Article requires the President and Provincial Governors to lay an annual report on the observance of Principles of Policy before the relevant legislature?
ExplanationArticle 29(3) requires an annual report on observance/implementation of the Principles of Policy to be laid before Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) or the Provincial Assembly, as applicable.
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Question 56 of 249
Article 9 protects which fundamental right?
ExplanationArticle 9 simply states: 'No person shall be deprived of life or liberty save in accordance with law.'
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Question 57 of 249
Under Article 203C(3), who is qualified to be appointed Chief Justice of the Federal Shariat Court?
ExplanationArticle 203C(3), as updated by the 26th Amendment, broadened eligibility to also include a Federal Shariat Court judge who is qualified to be a Supreme Court judge.
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Question 58 of 249
Under Article 51(6)(d), the seats reserved for women and non-Muslims are filled through which electoral method?
ExplanationArticle 51(6)(d) provides that reserved seats for women and non-Muslims are allocated to political parties based on the proportion of seats they secured in the general seats, via party lists.
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Question 59 of 249
Article 200 empowers the President to transfer a judge from one High Court to another, but this requires consultation with:
ExplanationArticle 200 lays down a consultation process involving the relevant Chief Justices before a judge can be transferred between High Courts.
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Question 60 of 249
Under Article 54(2), there shall be at least how many sessions of the National Assembly every year?
ExplanationArticle 54(2) requires at least three sessions of the National Assembly every year.
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Question 61 of 249
Under Article 5(2), obedience to the Constitution and law is described as:
ExplanationArticle 5(2) extends the obligation of obedience to the Constitution and law to every citizen and every other person for the time being within Pakistan.
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Question 62 of 249
Under Article 1, Pakistan is declared to be a:
ExplanationArticle 1(1) declares Pakistan to be a Federal Republic, to be known as the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
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Question 63 of 249
Article 175A establishes which body for appointment of judges to the Federal Constitutional Court, Supreme Court, High Courts, and Federal Shariat Court?
ExplanationArticle 175A(1) establishes the Judicial Commission of Pakistan for these appointments.
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Question 64 of 249
Article 9A, inserted by the 26th Amendment in 2024, guarantees:
ExplanationArticle 9A was newly inserted in October 2024, entitling every person to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment.
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Question 65 of 249
Under Article 24(2), property may be compulsorily acquired only for:
ExplanationArticle 24(2) requires that compulsory acquisition be for a public purpose and that the law provide for and either fix or specify the principles of compensation.
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Question 66 of 249
Under Article 71, in a joint sitting convened to resolve disagreement over a Bill, no amendment may be proposed other than amendments necessitated by:
ExplanationArticle 71(3) restricts amendments at a joint sitting to those necessitated by the delay in the Bill's passage, not substantive new changes.
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Question 67 of 249
Under Article 51(4), how many seats in the National Assembly are reserved for non-Muslims?
ExplanationArticle 51(4) reserves ten seats in the National Assembly for non-Muslims, in addition to the seats allocated under clause (3).
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Question 68 of 249
The minimum age for National Assembly candidacy was lowered to 25 years and minimum voting age fixed at 18 years primarily through the combined effect of which historical reform and amendment?
ExplanationThe 18th Amendment (2010) is widely credited with lowering the voting age to 18 years, while the candidacy age framework has its roots in the Constitution's structure as subsequently amended.
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Question 69 of 249
Under Article 13(a), the protection against double punishment (double jeopardy) means a person shall not be punished/prosecuted more than once for:
ExplanationArticle 13(a) is Pakistan's double jeopardy clause: protection against being punished or prosecuted more than once for the same offence.
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Question 70 of 249
Under Article 59(3), the term of Senate members (who are not subject to dissolution of the House) is:
ExplanationArticle 59(3) fixes Senate membership terms at six years, with partial retirement every three years; the Senate itself is not subject to dissolution.
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Question 71 of 249
Distinguishing the Federal Shariat Court from the Federal Constitutional Court: which statement is accurate?
ExplanationThese are distinct courts with distinct mandates: the Federal Shariat Court (since 1980) focuses on Islamic law repugnancy, while the new Federal Constitutional Court (2025) handles broader constitutional interpretation and rights enforcement.
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Question 72 of 249
Under Article 25(2), the State shall make no discrimination on the basis of sex alone, but this does not prevent the State from making special provision for:
ExplanationArticle 25(3) (commonly read with 25(2)) clarifies that nothing prevents the State from making special provisions for the protection of women and children.
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Question 73 of 249
Under Article 14(1), 'dignity of man' is described as inviolable, while privacy of home is inviolable subject to:
ExplanationArticle 14(1) qualifies the privacy-of-home protection as being 'subject to law,' unlike the unconditional dignity-of-man clause.
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Question 74 of 249
Article 14(2) specifically prohibits torture for what purpose?
ExplanationArticle 14(2) states no person shall be subjected to torture for the purpose of extracting evidence.
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Question 75 of 249
Under Article 206, distinguishing how Supreme Court/High Court judges resign from how Federal Shariat Court judges (who are not also Supreme/High Court judges) resign per Article 203C(4A): both require resignation by:
ExplanationBoth Article 206 and Article 203C(4A) require a written resignation addressed to the President, showing structural consistency across the judicature provisions despite differing courts.
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Question 76 of 249
Article 34 directs that steps be taken to ensure:
ExplanationArticle 34 is a general directive principle calling for full participation of women in all spheres of national life.
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Question 77 of 249
Article 19A, inserted by the 18th Amendment, guarantees:
ExplanationArticle 19A guarantees every citizen the right of access to information in all matters of public importance, subject to regulation and reasonable restrictions.
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Question 78 of 249
Under Article 51(3), how many seats are reserved for women in the National Assembly under the current framework (general seats via proportional allocation among parties)?
ExplanationArticle 51(3), as currently structured, reserves sixty seats for women, allocated to parties based on proportional representation from the general seats they win.
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Question 79 of 249
The term 'high treason' under Article 6 was extended in 2010 (18th Amendment) to also cover which conduct?
ExplanationThe 18th Amendment inserted the word 'collaborating' and broadened Article 6(2) to make aiding, abetting, or collaborating in such acts equally guilty of high treason.
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Question 80 of 249
Article 37(e) directs the State to make provision for securing just and humane conditions of work, ensuring children and women are not employed in vocations unsuited to their:
ExplanationArticle 37(e) protects children and women from employment unsuited to their age or sex, and ensures maternity benefits for women in employment.
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Question 81 of 249
Under Article 183(1), the permanent seat of the Supreme Court is at:
ExplanationArticle 183(1) fixes Islamabad as the permanent seat of the Supreme Court, subject to clause (3) about sitting elsewhere.
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Question 82 of 249
Article 38(f), as amended by the 26th Amendment (2024), sets a deadline to eliminate riba (interest) completely before which date?
ExplanationThe 26th Amendment (2024) substituted Article 38(f) to set a firm deadline of eliminating riba completely before 1 January 2028, replacing the earlier vaguer 'as early as possible' language.
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Question 83 of 249
A bank in Pakistan continues charging interest (riba) on loans after 1 January 2028. Based on Article 38(f) as amended, this would be:
ExplanationArticle 38(f), as substituted by the 26th Amendment, sets 1 January 2028 as a firm deadline for complete elimination of riba, making continued interest-charging after that date constitutionally problematic under this Principle of Policy.
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Question 84 of 249
Under Article 175B, the Federal Constitutional Court is headed by a Chief Justice to be known as:
ExplanationArticle 175B(1) names the head of the new court as 'the Chief Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court of Pakistan.'
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Question 85 of 249
Article 20 protects, subject to law, public order and morality, the right to:
ExplanationArticle 20 protects the right of every citizen to profess, practice and propagate his religion, and of religious denominations to manage their religious institutions.
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Question 86 of 249
Article 203D empowers the Federal Shariat Court to examine and decide whether any law or provision is:
ExplanationArticle 203D is the Federal Shariat Court's signature power: examining laws for repugnancy to the Injunctions of Islam as laid down in the Holy Quran and Sunnah.
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Question 87 of 249
Article 23 guarantees every citizen the right to:
ExplanationArticle 23 protects the right to acquire, hold, and dispose of property anywhere in Pakistan, subject to reasonable restrictions in the public interest.
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Question 88 of 249
Under Article 61, the conduct of business in Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament), and the precise nature of privileges of members, is regulated by:
ExplanationArticle 61 (read with Articles 67 and 66) leaves procedural rules to each House and the precise contours of privileges to be defined by an Act of Parliament.
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Question 89 of 249
Under Article 53(3), the Speaker or Deputy Speaker ceases to hold office if he ceases to be a member, except that he may continue until the National Assembly meets after a:
ExplanationArticle 53(3) allows the Speaker/Deputy Speaker to continue in office, despite the Assembly's dissolution, until just before the newly elected Assembly first meets after a general election.
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Question 90 of 249
Article 19 protects freedom of speech and expression and freedom of the press, subject to reasonable restrictions in the interest of all EXCEPT:
ExplanationArticle 19 lists restrictions in the interest of the glory of Islam, integrity/security/defence of Pakistan, friendly relations with foreign states, public order, decency/morality, and contempt of court -- not 'promotion of foreign trade.'
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Question 91 of 249
Under Article 175A, Judicial Commission proceedings for appointment recommendations must, where a name is not approved, be reconsidered following procedures laid out for:
ExplanationArticle 175A's appointment process includes built-in mechanisms for reconsideration where an initial nomination is not approved, requiring recorded reasons rather than arbitrary rejection.
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Question 92 of 249
Article 37(g) directs the State to prevent which of the following?
ExplanationArticle 37(g) lists prevention of prostitution, gambling, taking of injurious drugs, and obscene publications.
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Question 93 of 249
Under Article 175A(2), prior to the 27th Amendment, who chaired the Judicial Commission of Pakistan?
ExplanationBefore the FCC's creation, Article 175A(2) designated the Chief Justice of Pakistan as the sole Chairperson of the Judicial Commission.
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Question 94 of 249
Article 203A states that the provisions of Chapter 3A relating to the Federal Shariat Court have effect notwithstanding anything contained in:
ExplanationArticle 203A gives Chapter 3A an overriding effect notwithstanding anything else in the Constitution, underscoring the Federal Shariat Court's special constitutional status.
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Question 95 of 249
Article 17(2), as substituted by the 18th Amendment, requires political parties to:
ExplanationArticle 17(2)/(3) requires every political party to account for the source of its funds in accordance with law.
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Question 96 of 249
Article 6(2) makes which conduct equally guilty of high treason as the principal act of abrogating the Constitution?
ExplanationArticle 6(2) extends liability to any person who aids or abets the principal act described in clause (1).
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Question 97 of 249
Under Article 78(1), all revenues, loans raised, and loan repayments received by the Federal Government form part of the:
ExplanationArticle 78(1) establishes the Federal Consolidated Fund as the repository for these federal revenues.
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Question 98 of 249
Under Article 8(2), the State shall not make any law which takes away or abridges the rights conferred by this Chapter, and any law made in contravention is, to that extent:
ExplanationArticle 8(2) reinforces Article 8(1)'s voidness principle specifically as a prospective bar on future legislation.
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Question 99 of 249
According to widely reported coverage of the 27th Amendment, Article 175E gives the Federal Constitutional Court exclusive jurisdiction over which matters?
ExplanationMultiple legal commentaries on the 27th Amendment confirm Article 175E vests the FCC with exclusive jurisdiction over constitutional interpretation, federal-provincial disputes, and fundamental rights enforcement -- jurisdiction previously exercised by the Supreme Court under Articles 184 and 199-related references.
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Question 100 of 249
Under the Fifth Schedule (referenced via Article 205), what does this Schedule govern for judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts?
ExplanationArticle 205 refers to the Fifth Schedule, which sets out remuneration and other terms and conditions of service for these judges.
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Question 101 of 249
Distinguishing 'Acting Judges' (Article 181) from 'Ad-hoc Judges' (Article 182) of the Supreme Court: which of the following is TRUE?
ExplanationArticle 181 allows temporary elevation of a qualified High Court judge to the Supreme Court, while Article 182 allows recall of certain retired judges or High Court judges as Ad-hoc Judges, particularly for quorum issues.
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Question 102 of 249
Articles 184, 186, 186A, and 191A of the Constitution (covering original jurisdiction, advisory jurisdiction, power to transfer cases, and Constitutional Benches) were:
ExplanationThe 27th Amendment (2025) omitted Articles 184, 186, 186A, and 191A from the Supreme Court chapter, as this jurisdiction was transferred to the newly created Federal Constitutional Court.
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Question 103 of 249
Article 35 obliges the State to protect:
ExplanationArticle 35 specifically lists marriage, family, mother, and child as objects of State protection.
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Question 104 of 249
Following the 27th Amendment, pending constitutional cases and 'Constitutional Bench' matters previously before the Supreme Court were directed to be:
ExplanationCommentary on the 27th Amendment confirms that pending cases involving the jurisdiction now exclusively vested in the FCC were transferred to it from the Supreme Court's former Constitutional Benches.
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Question 105 of 249
Under Article 193(2)(a), a person is qualified for High Court judgeship if he has been an advocate of a High Court for not less than how many years?
ExplanationArticle 193(2)(a) sets ten years as an advocate of a High Court as the threshold for High Court judgeship eligibility.
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Question 106 of 249
Under Article 11(2), all forms of forced labour are prohibited except:
ExplanationArticle 11(2) prohibits forced labour generally, with traffic in human beings also forbidden under 11(1); compulsory service as lawful punishment is the recognized exception under most such provisions.
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Question 107 of 249
Article 38(d) directs the State to provide basic necessities of life, such as food, clothing, housing, education, and medical relief, for all citizens who are:
ExplanationArticle 38(d) is the welfare-state provision targeting citizens unable to earn a livelihood due to causes like infirmity or unemployment.
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Question 108 of 249
Article 19's protection of freedom of speech also extends to protecting freedom of which institution specifically, alongside the individual?
ExplanationArticle 19 expressly protects 'freedom of speech and expression, and there shall be freedom of the press,' naming the press alongside individual expression.
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Question 109 of 249
Under Article 83, expenditure from the Federal Consolidated Fund (other than charged expenditure) requires:
ExplanationArticle 83 requires an Appropriation Act to authorize expenditure from the Fund (apart from charged expenditure, which doesn't need a vote per Art. 82).
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Question 110 of 249
Under Article 63(1)(h), conviction for an offence of moral turpitude with a sentence of at least how many years disqualifies a person, unless five years have elapsed since release?
ExplanationArticle 63(1)(h) sets the threshold at imprisonment for a term of not less than two years for moral turpitude offences.
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Question 111 of 249
Prior to its omission by the 27th Amendment, Article 191A (inserted by the 26th Amendment, 2024) had created which mechanism within the Supreme Court?
ExplanationArticle 191A, inserted in 2024 and omitted in 2025, had created 'Constitutional Benches' of the Supreme Court for constitutional matters -- a structure since superseded entirely by the standalone Federal Constitutional Court.
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Question 112 of 249
Under Article 80, in respect of each financial year, the Federal Government must cause to be laid before the National Assembly a statement of estimated receipts and expenditure, known as the:
ExplanationArticle 80(1) names this annual document the 'Annual Budget Statement.'
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Question 113 of 249
Article 29(2) states that observance of a Principle of Policy is subject to:
ExplanationArticle 29(2) provides that observance of any Principle of Policy dependent on resources shall be regarded as subject to the availability of resources.
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Question 114 of 249
Article 17(1) protects every citizen's right to:
ExplanationArticle 17(1) is the general freedom of association clause, covering associations and unions broadly, including but not limited to political parties.
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Question 115 of 249
A Money Bill is passed by the National Assembly and sent to the Senate. The Senate proposes amendments after 20 days. Under Article 73, are these recommendations within the constitutional timeframe?
ExplanationThe proviso to Article 73(1) limits the Senate to 14 days for recommending changes to a Money Bill; recommendations made on day 20 would fall outside this constitutional window.
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Question 116 of 249
Under Article 175I (as reported in legal commentary on the 27th Amendment), the retirement age for Federal Constitutional Court judges was set at:
ExplanationCommentary on the 27th Amendment notes Article 175I raised the retirement age for FCC judges to sixty-eight, higher than the Supreme Court's sixty-five.
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Question 117 of 249
Under Article 73, a Money Bill must originate in which House?
ExplanationArticle 73(1) provides that, notwithstanding Article 70, a Money Bill shall originate in the National Assembly.
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Question 118 of 249
Under Article 177(2)(a), a High Court judge is eligible for Supreme Court appointment after serving for a period of, or periods aggregating, not less than how many years as a High Court judge?
ExplanationArticle 177(2)(a) sets the High Court judicial service threshold at five years (aggregate) for Supreme Court eligibility.
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Question 119 of 249
Per the proviso to Article 54(2), the National Assembly must meet for not less than how many working days each year?
ExplanationThe proviso to Article 54(2), as amended, requires the National Assembly to meet for not less than one hundred and thirty working days annually.
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Question 120 of 249
Article 37(i) directs the State to discourage:
ExplanationArticle 37(i) targets discouragement of obscene literature and advertisements specifically.
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Question 121 of 249
Article 67(1) empowers each House of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) to make rules for regulating its procedure, and pending such rules, procedure is determined by:
ExplanationArticle 67(1)(b) allows continued reliance on previously existing procedural rules, adapted as necessary by the Speaker or Chairman, until new rules are made.
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Question 122 of 249
Under Article 65, before taking his seat, a member of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) must make and subscribe before the President (or person appointed by him) an:
ExplanationArticle 65 requires members to take the prescribed oath under the Third Schedule before taking their seat.
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Question 123 of 249
Article 2A makes which document a substantive part of the Constitution?
ExplanationArticle 2A states that the principles and provisions of the Objectives Resolution (reproduced in the Annex) are made a substantive part of the Constitution.
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Question 124 of 249
Under Article 89(1), the President may promulgate an Ordinance when:
ExplanationArticle 89(1) allows Ordinances only when the Senate or National Assembly is not in session and the President is satisfied immediate action is necessary.
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Question 125 of 249
Under Article 73(4), who has the final say on whether a Bill is a Money Bill or not?
ExplanationArticle 73(4) makes the Speaker of the National Assembly's decision on whether a Bill is a Money Bill final.
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Question 126 of 249
Per Article 209's composition (as widely reported following the 27th Amendment), the Supreme Judicial Council now includes the Chief Justice of which newly created court, alongside the Chief Justice of Pakistan?
ExplanationReporting on the post-27th Amendment judicial structure confirms the Supreme Judicial Council's composition was updated to include the Chief Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court alongside the Chief Justice of Pakistan and other senior judges.
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Question 127 of 249
Article 23's property right is explicitly made 'subject to' which two qualifications mentioned in the Article itself?
ExplanationArticle 23 guarantees the right to acquire, hold, and dispose of property 'subject to the Constitution and any reasonable restriction imposed by law in the public interest.'
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Question 128 of 249
Under Article 6(2A), an act of high treason cannot be validated by which courts (as currently worded after the 27th Amendment)?
ExplanationArticle 6(2A), as amended, specifically states that an act of high treason shall not be validated by any court including the Federal Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court, and a High Court.
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Question 129 of 249
Under Article 187(2), a direction, order, or decree of the Federal Constitutional Court / Supreme Court that needs to be executed within a Province is enforced as if issued by:
ExplanationArticle 187(2) operationalizes enforcement through the relevant Provincial High Court, treating the order as if it were the High Court's own.
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Question 130 of 249
Article 28 protects the right of citizens having a distinct language, script or culture to:
ExplanationArticle 28 protects the right to preserve and promote a distinct language, script, or culture, and to establish institutions for that purpose, subject to Article 251 and law.
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Question 131 of 249
Which body's composition method determines appointments to the Federal Constitutional Court, according to its establishing framework?
ExplanationPer the framework summarized in public reference sources, FCC appointments, like Supreme Court appointments, proceed through the Judicial Commission of Pakistan under Article 175A.
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Question 132 of 249
Article 18 guarantees freedom of:
ExplanationArticle 18 protects the right of every citizen to enter any lawful profession/occupation and conduct any lawful trade or business, subject to qualifications prescribed by law.
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Question 133 of 249
Under Article 175A(14), if the Special Parliamentary Committee does not confirm a nomination, the matter is referred back to:
ExplanationArticle 175A(14) sends a non-confirmed nomination back to the Judicial Commission to make a fresh nomination.
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Question 134 of 249
Under Article 198(1), the principal seat of a High Court is at such place as the President may, by Order, appoint, while permanent Benches may be established at other places by:
ExplanationArticle 198 requires presidential consultation with both the Chief Justice of the relevant High Court and the Governor before establishing additional Benches.
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Question 135 of 249
Under the proviso to Article 175B(1), the Federal Constitutional Court may have:
ExplanationThe proviso to Article 175B(1) allows for equal representation of Judges from each Province on the FCC.
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Question 136 of 249
Under Article 10(2), a person arrested must be produced before a magistrate within how many hours, excluding travel time?
ExplanationArticle 10(2) requires production before a magistrate within twenty-four hours of arrest, excluding journey time to the nearest magistrate.
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Question 137 of 249
Article 25A, inserted by the 18th Amendment, obliges the State to provide free and compulsory education to children of which age group?
ExplanationArticle 25A specifically sets the age bracket of five to sixteen years for free, compulsory education.
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Question 138 of 249
Article 50 states that Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) consists of the President and which two Houses?
ExplanationArticle 50 defines Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) as consisting of the President and two Houses: the National Assembly and the Senate.
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Question 139 of 249
Article 8(3)(a) exempts certain laws relating to the Armed Forces or police from the operation of which Articles?
ExplanationArticle 8(3)(a) creates a specific carve-out for laws relating to the Armed Forces, allowing them to limit certain listed Fundamental Rights for members of the Forces.
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Question 140 of 249
Article 38(a) directs the State to secure well-being of the people by preventing concentration of wealth in the hands of:
ExplanationArticle 38(a) calls for preventing concentration of wealth and means of production/distribution in a few hands to the detriment of general interest.
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Question 141 of 249
The President receives a non-Money Bill and takes no action for 12 days. Under Article 75, what is the legal effect?
ExplanationArticle 75(1) requires presidential action (assent or return) within 10 days; exceeding this triggers the deemed-assent consequences built into Article 75's framework.
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Question 142 of 249
Under Article 8(5), the rights guaranteed by Articles 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 24 do not apply to members of which institution while subject to a special law?
ExplanationArticle 8(5) clarifies that certain rights may be modified for Armed Forces members through a specific law governing their service.
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Question 143 of 249
Under Article 22(3)(a), a religious community/denomination has the right to provide religious instruction for students of its own institution, and educational institutions maintained by it can require it; this is read together with which Article protecting students at OTHER institutions from compelled religious instruction?
ExplanationArticle 22(1) protects students from compelled religious instruction at institutions not of their own denomination, while 22(3) preserves a denomination's right to teach its own faith within its own institutions.
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Question 144 of 249
Under Article 89(2)(b), an Ordinance not relating to Money Bill matters stands repealed if disapproved by resolution of the House before which it is laid, or otherwise after the expiration of how many days from its being laid, whichever is earlier?
ExplanationArticle 89(2)(b) applies a ninety-day default repeal period for non-Money Ordinances laid before a House, absent earlier disapproval or extension.
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Question 145 of 249
Under Article 212(2), where such an Administrative Court/Tribunal is established under Article 212(1), no other court (including a High Court) shall grant an injunction, make any order, or entertain any proceedings with respect to matters within that Tribunal's jurisdiction, EXCEPT as provided by which Article?
ExplanationArticle 212(3) preserves a structured route -- appeal to the Supreme Court with leave -- as the sole exception to the otherwise exclusive jurisdiction of these Administrative Tribunals.
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Question 146 of 249
Article 6's protection against validation of high treason acts by courts (clause 2A) was extended by the 27th Amendment to specifically name which new court alongside the Supreme Court and High Courts?
ExplanationThe 27th Amendment updated Article 6(2A) to include the newly created Federal Constitutional Court in the list of courts that cannot validate high treason.
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Question 147 of 249
Under Article 212, Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) may by law establish one or more Administrative Courts/Tribunals to exercise jurisdiction in respect of matters relating to:
ExplanationArticle 212(1) authorizes the establishment of Administrative Courts/Tribunals for service-related matters of Pakistan's civil servants.
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Question 148 of 249
Under Article 58(1), the President shall dissolve the National Assembly if so advised by the Prime Minister, and the Assembly stands dissolved after how many hours of such advice (unless sooner dissolved)?
ExplanationArticle 58(1) fixes the automatic dissolution at the expiration of forty-eight hours after the Prime Minister's advice.
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Question 149 of 249
Under Article 69, courts are barred from inquiring into the validity of Parliamentary proceedings on the ground of:
ExplanationArticle 69(1) bars courts from questioning the validity of Parliamentary proceedings merely for procedural irregularity.
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Question 150 of 249
Under Article 37(b), the State shall remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory education at which level within the minimum possible period?
ExplanationArticle 37(b) specifically targets free and compulsory secondary education within the minimum possible period.
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Question 151 of 249
Under Article 53(7)(c), a Speaker may be removed by a resolution passed by the votes of the majority of the total membership, provided notice of not less than how many days has been given?
ExplanationArticle 53(7)(c) requires not less than seven days' notice before a resolution to remove the Speaker can be passed.
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Question 152 of 249
Article 16 protects the right of citizens to:
ExplanationArticle 16 guarantees the right to assemble peacefully and without arms, subject to reasonable restrictions in the interest of public order.
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Question 153 of 249
Under Article 175C(1), Federal Constitutional Court judges are appointed by:
ExplanationArticle 175C(1) provides for presidential appointment of FCC judges following the Article 175A Judicial Commission process.
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Question 154 of 249
Under Article 63(1)(g), a person is disqualified from membership if he has been dismissed from the service of Pakistan or a corporation/office controlled by it, on grounds of misconduct, unless how many years have elapsed since dismissal?
ExplanationArticle 63(1)(g) sets the disqualification cooling-off period at five years from the date of such dismissal.
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Question 155 of 249
The threshold for Supreme Court appellate jurisdiction under Article 185(2)(d) was raised from fifty thousand rupees to one million rupees by which amendment?
ExplanationThe 26th Amendment Act, 2024, Section 11, substituted the higher one-million-rupee threshold.
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Question 156 of 249
Under Article 51(2)(a), a person is qualified to be enrolled as a voter if he is a citizen of Pakistan and not less than:
ExplanationArticle 51(2)(a)/(b) sets the dual requirement of citizenship and minimum age of eighteen for voter enrollment.
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Question 157 of 249
Under Article 201, except as provided in Article 200, a judgment of a High Court delivered by a single judge sitting alone is appealable to:
ExplanationArticle 201 ensures an internal appellate mechanism within the High Court itself for single-judge decisions, before any matter could proceed further up the judicial hierarchy.
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Question 158 of 249
Under Article 203J, the Federal Shariat Court's rule-making power, until rules are framed under the current Chapter, defaults to which earlier set of rules?
ExplanationArticle 203J(3) specifically preserves the 1979 Shariat Benches of Superior Courts Rules as a stopgap until the Federal Shariat Court frames its own rules.
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Question 159 of 249
Under Article 54(3), on a requisition by what fraction of total National Assembly membership must the Speaker summon a session?
ExplanationArticle 54(3) allows not less than one-fourth of the total membership to requisition the Speaker to summon the Assembly.
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Question 160 of 249
Under Article 63B (read with the Explanation to Article 63A), the term 'Party Head' includes the Chairman, Leader, President, or Secretary General of a political party, however described under:
ExplanationThe Explanation to Article 63A defines 'Party Head' broadly to include whoever holds the equivalent leadership role as described under the party's own constitution.
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Question 161 of 249
Article 8(1) provides that any law inconsistent with Fundamental Rights shall be:
ExplanationArticle 8(1) states that any law inconsistent with the rights conferred by this Chapter shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void.
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Question 162 of 249
Under Article 203F, an appeal against a Federal Shariat Court decision under Article 203D lies to:
ExplanationArticle 203F provides for appeals to a Shariat Appellate Bench, historically constituted within the Supreme Court.
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Question 163 of 249
Principles of Policy, as a category of constitutional provisions, are best described as:
ExplanationUnlike Fundamental Rights (Art. 8-28), Principles of Policy (Art. 29-40) are not directly enforceable in courts; Article 30(2) bars challenging actions solely for non-compliance with them.
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Question 164 of 249
Under Article 175A(3C), the Committee must send its nomination for Chief Justice by what majority, within fourteen days prior to the outgoing Chief Justice's retirement?
ExplanationArticle 175A(3C) requires a majority of not less than two-thirds of the Committee's total membership to finalize the nomination.
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Question 165 of 249
Under Article 177(2)(b), a person may be appointed a Supreme Court judge if he has been an advocate of a High Court for not less than how many years?
ExplanationArticle 177(2)(b) sets the threshold at fifteen years as a High Court advocate (and advocate of the Supreme Court).
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Question 166 of 249
Under Article 30(2), the validity of an action or law CANNOT be questioned on the ground that it is:
ExplanationArticle 30(2) expressly bars challenging the validity of an action or law merely because it does not conform to the Principles of Policy -- unlike Fundamental Rights, these are not justiciable in that sense.
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Question 167 of 249
Article 38(g) directs the State to reduce disparity in income/earnings between individuals as well as between which other groupings?
ExplanationArticle 38(g) addresses income disparity both among individuals generally and specifically among persons employed in Pakistan's service, including corporations.
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Question 168 of 249
Article 26 prohibits discrimination in access to places of public entertainment/resort on grounds including all EXCEPT:
ExplanationArticle 26(1) lists race, religion, caste, sex, residence, or place of birth as prohibited grounds -- not political affiliation.
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Question 169 of 249
Under Article 175A, the performance evaluation mechanism for judges (introduced by the 26th Amendment) primarily targets which level of judiciary in the first instance?
ExplanationThe 26th Amendment's performance evaluation provisions under Article 175A were primarily designed to monitor High Court judges' performance, with escalation to the Supreme Judicial Council in persistent cases.
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Question 170 of 249
Article 33 directs the State to discourage which forms of prejudice among citizens?
ExplanationArticle 33 lists parochial, racial, tribal, sectarian, and provincial prejudices specifically.
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Question 171 of 249
Under Article 199(1A) (post-26th Amendment language), what specific restriction applies to a High Court's own-motion or suo motu action?
ExplanationArticle 199(1A), inserted by the 26th Amendment, restricts High Courts from acting suo motu beyond what is actually contained in a filed application.
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Question 172 of 249
Article 55(2) provides that the National Assembly's sitting may be adjourned or suspended if less than what fraction of total membership is present (quorum issue)?
ExplanationArticle 55(2) sets the quorum-related threshold at one-fourth of total membership; below this, the presiding officer may adjourn or suspend the sitting.
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Question 173 of 249
Article 32 directs the State to encourage local government institutions giving special representation to which groups?
ExplanationArticle 32 specifically mentions special representation for peasants, workers, and women in local government institutions.
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Question 174 of 249
Under Article 27(1), reservation of posts for persons from underrepresented classes/areas in service of Pakistan is permitted for a period not exceeding how many years from the commencing day (as currently amended)?
ExplanationArticle 27(1), as substituted by the Sixteenth Amendment (1999), extended the reservation period to forty years from the commencing day.
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Question 175 of 249
Article 4 guarantees which right to 'every citizen' and 'every other person for the time being within Pakistan'?
ExplanationArticle 4 guarantees the inalienable right to enjoy the protection of law and to be treated in accordance with law.
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Question 176 of 249
Under Article 17, if the Federal Government declares a political party prejudicial to the sovereignty/integrity of Pakistan, the matter must be referred (after the 27th Amendment) to which forum within fifteen days?
ExplanationAfter the 27th Amendment (2025), Article 17(2) was updated so such references go to the Federal Constitutional Court, whose decision is final.
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Question 177 of 249
Under Article 203G, save as provided in Article 203F, no court (including the Federal Constitutional Court/Supreme Court and High Courts) shall have jurisdiction over matters within the Federal Shariat Court's competence under this Chapter. What does this provision establish?
ExplanationArticle 203G is an ouster clause protecting the Federal Shariat Court's exclusive domain, with the only carve-out being the structured appeal under Article 203F.
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Question 178 of 249
Article 57 grants the President the right to:
ExplanationArticle 57 grants the President a general right to address either or both Houses and to send messages to either House on a pending Bill or other matter.
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Question 179 of 249
As per Article 175(3), the judiciary is to be progressively separated from the Executive within how many years from the commencing day?
ExplanationArticle 175(3), as amended by the Revival of Constitution Order 1985, extended the separation period to fourteen years.
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Question 180 of 249
Under the now-omitted Article 191A(1) (as it stood under the 26th Amendment before omission), Constitutional Benches were to be nominated by:
ExplanationArticle 191A(1), before its 2025 omission, vested the Judicial Commission with the power to nominate judges to the Supreme Court's Constitutional Benches.
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Question 181 of 249
Article 24(3) lists categories of property law that are NOT covered by the compensation requirement of Article 24(2). Which is one such category?
ExplanationArticle 24(3) excludes several categories from the standard compensation rule, including laws relating to evacuee or enemy property and certain other specified categories.
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Question 182 of 249
Under Article 175A(9), names recommended by the Judicial Commission are forwarded to the Special Parliamentary Committee, which must confirm within how many days, failing which the nomination is deemed confirmed?
ExplanationArticle 175A(9) sets a fourteen-day window for the Committee to act, after which the nomination is deemed confirmed by default.
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Question 183 of 249
Article 25(1)'s equality guarantee is sometimes tested against Article 27's anti-discrimination clause for public service. What is the key distinguishing focus of Article 27 compared to the general Article 25?
ExplanationArticle 25 sets out general equality before law, while Article 27 narrows the focus specifically to public service appointment discrimination.
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Question 184 of 249
Under Article 199, as amended by the 26th Amendment (2024), a High Court may NOT act:
ExplanationThe 26th Amendment added language to Article 199 restricting High Courts from acting suo motu beyond the contents of a filed application.
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Question 185 of 249
Article 210 deals with which subject relating to superior court judges?
ExplanationArticle 210 clarifies terms and conditions for judges serving in temporary or additional capacities within the superior judiciary.
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Question 186 of 249
Article 20(b) protects the right of every religious denomination to:
ExplanationArticle 20(b) protects denominational autonomy in establishing, maintaining, and managing religious institutions.
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Question 187 of 249
Under the current Article 58(2), the President may dissolve the National Assembly in his discretion in which specific scenario?
ExplanationArticle 58(2), as it currently stands (post-18th Amendment), narrows presidential discretion to the specific no-confidence/no-successor scenario; the broader 'cannot be carried on' ground under the old Art. 58(2)(b) was earlier removed by the 13th Amendment.
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Question 188 of 249
Under Article 56, the President addresses which joint forum at the commencement of the first session after a general election, and at the commencement of the first session each year?
ExplanationArticle 56(3) provides that the President addresses both Houses assembled together on these specific occasions.
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Question 189 of 249
Under the proviso to Article 73(1), the Senate may make recommendations on a Money Bill within how many days?
ExplanationThe proviso to Article 73(1) gives the Senate fourteen days to make recommendations on a Money Bill transmitted to it.
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Question 190 of 249
As per the current text of Article 51(1), how many total seats are there in the National Assembly?
ExplanationArticle 51(1), as currently in force, fixes the National Assembly at three hundred and thirty-six seats including women and non-Muslim reserved seats.
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Question 191 of 249
Under Article 175D (inferred from the FCC's establishing framework), the Chief Justice and judges of the FCC, before entering office, must take an oath before:
ExplanationConsistent with the pattern for the Supreme Court Chief Justice under Article 178, FCC judges take their oath of office before the President as Head of State.
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Question 192 of 249
Under Article 196, a High Court judge holds office until he attains the age of:
ExplanationArticle 196 fixes the retiring age for High Court judges at sixty-two years, notably lower than the Supreme Court's sixty-five.
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Question 193 of 249
Article 14(1) declares the dignity of man and, subject to law, the privacy of home, to be:
ExplanationArticle 14(1) states that the dignity of man and, subject to law, the privacy of home, shall be inviolable.
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Question 194 of 249
Under Article 63A, a member who defects from his party may be declared to have defected by whom?
ExplanationArticle 63A(1) empowers the 'Party Head' to declare in writing that a defecting member has defected from the party.
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Question 195 of 249
The 19th Amendment, 2010, made which key modification to Article 175A shortly after the 18th Amendment introduced it?
ExplanationThe 19th Amendment refined Article 175A's composition and procedure in response to concerns raised after the 18th Amendment's initial version, including restoring a stronger judicial role in the process.
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Question 196 of 249
Article 88 grants the President power to authorize expenditure from the Federal Consolidated Fund pending its authorization by the Assembly, through what mechanism?
ExplanationArticle 88 allows Parliament, by law, to authorize the President to make advances from the Fund pending authorization of expenditure, to meet unforeseen demands.
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Question 197 of 249
Article 195 requires a High Court judge, before entering office, to take oath before:
ExplanationArticle 195 follows the pattern of Article 178: the Chief Justice of a High Court swears before the Governor, while other judges swear before their own Chief Justice.
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Question 198 of 249
Article 191 empowers the Federal Constitutional Court and Supreme Court to make rules regulating their own practice and procedure, subject to:
ExplanationArticle 191, as amended, subjects both courts' rule-making power to the Constitution and any relevant parliamentary legislation.
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Question 199 of 249
Under Article 175(1), as amended by the 27th Amendment (2025), which court is now listed FIRST among the superior courts of Pakistan?
ExplanationArticle 175(1) was amended in November 2025 to insert 'a Federal Constitutional Court of Pakistan' ahead of the Supreme Court in the list of superior courts.
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Question 200 of 249
Under Article 84, if in respect of any financial year a need arises for supplementary or excess expenditure beyond the authorized amount, the Federal Government must cause to be laid a:
ExplanationArticle 84 provides for Supplementary or Excess Budget Statements to address expenditure needs arising after the original budget's authorization.
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Question 201 of 249
Article 51 (National Assembly composition) has been amended multiple times to adjust seat numbers, most recently reflecting the merger of which former territory into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa?
ExplanationThe 25th Amendment (2018) merged FATA into KP, leading to corresponding seat adjustments in Articles 51 and 59.
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Question 202 of 249
Article 40 directs the State to strengthen relations among Muslim countries based on:
ExplanationArticle 40 speaks of preserving and strengthening fraternal relations among Muslim countries based on Islamic unity, alongside promoting international peace generally.
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Question 203 of 249
Under Article 85, the National Assembly may grant a 'vote on account' covering estimated expenditure for a part of a financial year not exceeding:
ExplanationArticle 85 caps the vote-on-account period at four months pending completion of the full budget procedure.
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Question 204 of 249
Article 6 of the Constitution defines and criminalizes:
ExplanationArticle 6 makes abrogating, subverting, suspending, or holding the Constitution in abeyance by force or unconstitutional means an act of high treason.
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Question 205 of 249
Under Article 188, the Supreme Court's power to review its own judgments is subject to:
ExplanationArticle 188 makes the Supreme Court's review power subject to Acts of Parliament and the Court's own rules.
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Question 206 of 249
What is the general significance of Part VII's progression from Article 175 through 212 for a LAW-GAT candidate's understanding of judicial architecture?
ExplanationPart VII comprehensively maps Pakistan's judicial architecture from the general courts clause through the newly created FCC, the Supreme Court, High Courts, the Federal Shariat Court, and finally general/tribunal provisions -- the full institutional picture relevant to this syllabus heading.
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Question 207 of 249
Article 3 obliges the State to ensure:
ExplanationArticle 3 states the State shall ensure elimination of all forms of exploitation and fulfilment of the principle 'from each according to his ability to each according to his work.'
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Question 208 of 249
Under Article 175A(13), the Special Parliamentary Committee's proceedings are, as a rule:
ExplanationArticle 175A(13) requires the Committee's proceedings to be confidential and conducted in camera.
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Question 209 of 249
Under Article 72(4), decisions at a joint sitting of both Houses are taken by:
ExplanationArticle 72(4) states that, subject to the Constitution, all decisions at a joint sitting are by majority of members present and voting.
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Question 210 of 249
Article 21 protects a person from being compelled to pay a special tax whose proceeds are spent on:
ExplanationArticle 21 prohibits compelling anyone to pay a special tax meant for the propagation/maintenance of a religion other than their own.
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Question 211 of 249
Article 2 declares that:
ExplanationArticle 2 simply states: 'Islam shall be the State religion of Pakistan.'
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Question 212 of 249
Under Article 75(2), if the President does not give assent within ten days after a Bill is reconsidered and re-passed by Parliament, the assent is:
ExplanationArticle 75(2) provides that failing assent within ten days of a reconsidered Bill being re-passed, assent shall be deemed to have been given.
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Question 213 of 249
Under Article 181(1), the President may appoint a qualified High Court judge to act temporarily as a Supreme Court judge when there is a vacancy or a judge is unable to perform duties; such appointment continues in force until:
ExplanationArticle 181(2) specifies that such an appointment continues until the President revokes it -- there's no automatic expiry.
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Question 214 of 249
Article 188's review jurisdiction for the Supreme Court applies to which type of prior decisions?
ExplanationArticle 188 confines the Supreme Court's review power to its own previously pronounced judgments or orders.
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Question 215 of 249
Under Article 203C, judges of the Federal Shariat Court are appointed by the President from amongst serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court/High Courts, or persons possessing qualifications of a High Court judge, for a term of:
ExplanationArticle 203C(4) fixes Federal Shariat Court judge tenure at three years, which the President may extend.
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Question 216 of 249
Article 52 fixes the term of the National Assembly, unless sooner dissolved, at:
ExplanationArticle 52 specifies the National Assembly continues for five years from the day of its first meeting, unless sooner dissolved.
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Question 217 of 249
Which Article makes Fundamental Rights enforceable through the High Courts' writ jurisdiction under Article 199, alongside the (now-transferred) Supreme Court route?
ExplanationSince Articles 184/199 jointly historically allowed enforcement of fundamental rights via the Supreme Court and High Courts, with original jurisdiction over fundamental rights now shifted to the Federal Constitutional Court via Art. 175E, Article 199 read with Article 8 remains a route via the High Courts.
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Question 218 of 249
Article 12 protects against:
ExplanationArticle 12 prohibits punishing a person for an act that was not an offence when committed, or with a penalty greater than what existed at the time.
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Question 219 of 249
Which Amendment formally inserted the words 'Islamabad Capital Territory' into Article 1(2) as part of the territories of Pakistan?
ExplanationThe First Amendment, 1974, restructured Article 1(2) to include the Islamabad Capital Territory among Pakistan's territories.
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Question 220 of 249
Under Article 63(1)(k), a person is disqualified for being in the service of Pakistan in a post other than a post which is not whole-time, EXCEPT for posts specifically declared by law not to disqualify (e.g., certain category exemptions). What is the general principle this clause embodies?
ExplanationArticle 63(1)(k) embodies the general principle of incompatibility between holding a whole-time government service post and Parliamentary membership, subject to specific statutory exceptions.
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Question 221 of 249
Who was sworn in as the first Chief Justice of the Federal Constitutional Court in November 2025?
ExplanationJustice Aminuddin Khan was sworn in as the first Chief Justice of the newly created Federal Constitutional Court on 14 November 2025.
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Question 222 of 249
Under Article 17(3), as renumbered/amended, a political party failing to submit its accounts as required may face which consequence determined by the Election Commission?
ExplanationArticle 17 read with election laws empowers the Election Commission to act against parties that fail to meet financial accountability requirements, including potential de-registration in serious cases.
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Question 223 of 249
Article 13(b) protects an accused from being compelled to:
ExplanationArticle 13(b) protects against self-incrimination: no person accused of an offence shall be compelled to be a witness against himself.
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Question 224 of 249
A member of the National Assembly is absent without leave for 45 consecutive sitting days. Under Article 64(2), what may the Assembly do?
ExplanationSince 45 days exceeds the 40-day threshold set by Article 64(2), the Assembly is empowered to declare the seat vacant.
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Question 225 of 249
Under Article 89(2)(a)(i), an Ordinance dealing with Money Bill matters, if laid before the National Assembly, stands repealed after how many days from promulgation unless disapproved earlier or extended?
ExplanationArticle 89(2)(a)(i) sets the default repeal period at one hundred and twenty days, extendable once by a further one hundred and twenty days.
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Question 226 of 249
Under Article 70(3), if a Bill transmitted to a House is not passed within how many days, it may be sent to a joint sitting?
ExplanationArticle 70(3) sets the ninety-day threshold for a Bill remaining unpassed before it can go to a joint sitting at the originating House's request.
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Question 227 of 249
Under Article 63A(5), an appeal against the Election Commission's defection decision lies, after the 27th Amendment, to:
ExplanationArticle 63A(5), as updated by the 27th Amendment (2025), routes such appeals to the Federal Constitutional Court, which must decide within ninety days.
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Question 228 of 249
As per Article 1(2), which of the following is NOT listed among the territories comprising Pakistan?
ExplanationArticle 1(2) lists the four Provinces, the Islamabad Capital Territory, and acceded states/territories; Azad Jammu and Kashmir is not listed as a territory of Pakistan under this Article.
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Question 229 of 249
Under Article 10(4), preventive detention beyond how many months requires Review Board approval (current text)?
ExplanationArticle 10(4) (as amended by the Third Amendment, 1975) sets the threshold at three months before Review Board scrutiny is required.
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Question 230 of 249
Under Article 62(1)(c), the minimum age for Senate membership is:
ExplanationArticle 62(1)(c) sets thirty years as the minimum age for Senate membership.
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Question 231 of 249
Under Article 51(2)(b), the minimum voting age in Pakistan is:
ExplanationArticle 51(2)(b) sets the minimum voting age at eighteen years.
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Question 232 of 249
Article 31(1) directs that steps shall be taken to enable Muslims of Pakistan, individually and collectively, to order their lives according to which framework?
ExplanationArticle 31(1) is the broad directive principle on enabling Muslims to order their lives per Islamic fundamental principles and basic concepts.
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Question 233 of 249
Article 31(2)(a) directs the State to make the teaching of which subjects compulsory for Muslims of Pakistan?
ExplanationArticle 31(2)(a) directs the State to endeavour to make teaching of the Holy Quran and Islamiat compulsory and facilitate learning of Arabic.
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Question 234 of 249
Under Article 70(4), if there is disagreement between the two Houses on a Bill (other than a Money Bill) and it remains unresolved past ninety days, what mechanism resolves it?
ExplanationArticle 70(4) allows the President to summon a joint sitting to resolve disagreement between the two Houses on a Bill.
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Question 235 of 249
Article 77 provides that no tax shall be levied for purposes of the Federation except by or under authority of:
ExplanationArticle 77 requires that all federal taxation be authorized by an Act of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament).
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Question 236 of 249
Who is constitutionally tasked with providing, by law, the punishment for high treason under Article 6(3)?
ExplanationArticle 6(3) provides that Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) shall by law provide for the punishment of persons found guilty of high treason.
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Question 237 of 249
Article 39 enables people from all parts of Pakistan to participate in:
ExplanationArticle 39 is a short directive principle: the State shall enable people from all parts of Pakistan to participate in the Armed Forces of Pakistan.
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Question 238 of 249
Article 11(1) prohibits which practice absolutely?
ExplanationArticle 11(1) states plainly: 'Slavery is non-existent and forbidden and no law shall permit or facilitate its introduction into Pakistan in any form.'
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Question 239 of 249
Article 204 grants superior courts the power to punish for which type of conduct?
ExplanationArticle 204 deals with the power of courts to punish for contempt, covering acts that obstruct court process or scandalize the court.
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Question 240 of 249
Article 68 restricts discussion in Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) regarding the conduct of which officials in discharge of their duties?
ExplanationArticle 68, as updated, bars discussion on the conduct of judges of the Federal Constitutional Court, Supreme Court, or High Courts in the discharge of duties.
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Question 241 of 249
Article 10A, inserted by the 18th Amendment (2010), guarantees:
ExplanationArticle 10A states that for determination of civil rights/obligations or any criminal charge, a person is entitled to a fair trial and due process.
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Question 242 of 249
Comparing oath-taking: a Federal Shariat Court Chief Justice/Judge takes oath before the President or his nominee (Art. 203C(7)), while a High Court judge takes oath before:
ExplanationArticle 195 specifies the Governor (or nominee) as the oath-administering authority for High Court judges, distinct from the President's role for Supreme Court/FCC/Federal Shariat Court judges.
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Question 243 of 249
Under Article 175A(2), after the 27th Amendment, who chairs the Judicial Commission when both the Federal Constitutional Court and Supreme Court Chief Justices are members?
ExplanationExplanation I to Article 175A(2), post-27th Amendment, designates the senior-most amongst the Chief Justice of the FCC and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court as Chairperson of the Commission.
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Question 244 of 249
Article 179's proviso capping the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court's term at three years was inserted by which amendment?
ExplanationThe 26th Amendment (2024), Section 9, inserted this three-year tenure cap for the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
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Question 245 of 249
Under Article 59(2), seats in the Senate are allocated equally to:
ExplanationArticle 59 reflects the federal principle of equal provincial representation in the Senate, unlike the population-based National Assembly under Article 51.
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Question 246 of 249
Article 25(1) guarantees that all citizens are:
ExplanationArticle 25(1) states all citizens are equal before law and entitled to equal protection of law.
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Question 247 of 249
Under Article 185(2)(d) (as it now stands), an appeal lies to the Supreme Court as of right if the value of the dispute is not less than:
ExplanationArticle 185(2)(d), as amended by the 26th Amendment (2024), raised the monetary threshold to one million rupees from the earlier fifty thousand rupees.
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Question 248 of 249
Under Article 203C, the Federal Shariat Court consists of how many Muslim judges, including the Chief Justice (as historically fixed, subject to change by Presidential Order)?
ExplanationArticle 203C historically fixes the Federal Shariat Court at eight Muslim judges including the Chief Justice, a number alterable by Presidential Order.
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Question 249 of 249
Under Article 60(2), the term of office of the Chairman or Deputy Chairman of the Senate is:
ExplanationArticle 60(2), as amended by the 8th Amendment, fixes the Chairman/Deputy Chairman's term at three years from taking office.
0 / 249 answered
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