Geography of Pakistan Competitive Exams
100 questions · Pakistan Studies
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Question 1 of 100
Who is widely regarded as the founder of Pakistan and served as its first Governor-General?
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Question 2 of 100
Which lake, formed after a landslide blocked the Hunza River in 2010, is located in Gilgit-Baltistan?
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Question 3 of 100
What is the capital of Balochistan province?
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Question 4 of 100
Monsoon rains in Pakistan primarily originate from winds blowing from which direction/source?
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Question 5 of 100
Into which body of water does the Indus River ultimately flow?
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Question 6 of 100
Which is the highest peak of the Himalayan range within Pakistan?
ExplanationNanga Parbat (8,126m), located in Gilgit-Baltistan, is the highest peak of the Himalayas within Pakistani territory.
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Question 7 of 100
Which mountain range runs along much of the western border of Pakistan with Afghanistan?
ExplanationThe Sulaiman Range extends along parts of Pakistan's western border area, separating the Indus Plain from Balochistan/Afghanistan.
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Question 8 of 100
Which city is Pakistan's largest and busiest seaport?
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Question 9 of 100
Gilgit-Baltistan was formerly known by which name before being renamed in 2009?
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Question 10 of 100
Which region is often referred to as the 'breadbasket' or agricultural heartland of Pakistan due to its fertile plains and irrigation network?
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Question 11 of 100
Which combination correctly identifies all four countries bordering Pakistan?
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Question 12 of 100
Which is the longest and most important river of Pakistan?
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Question 13 of 100
Which province has the longer share of Pakistan's coastline?
ExplanationBalochistan's coastline (roughly 750 km) is considerably longer than Sindh's (roughly 350 km) share of the Arabian Sea coast.
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Question 14 of 100
Which of Pakistan's international borders is the shortest?
ExplanationThe Pakistan-China border is approximately 523 km long, the shortest of Pakistan's four international borders.
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Question 15 of 100
Pakistan Standard Time is based on which meridian of longitude?
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Question 16 of 100
Which city is often called the 'Manchester of Pakistan' due to its prominent textile industry?
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Question 17 of 100
Which Pakistani port is developed as a deep-sea port with Chinese investment, forming part of CPEC?
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Question 18 of 100
Which city is traditionally known as the 'City of Saints' due to its many Sufi shrines?
ExplanationMultan is renowned for its numerous Sufi shrines and is historically called the 'City of Saints.'
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Question 19 of 100
Which city is traditionally known as the 'City of Gardens'?
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Question 20 of 100
Who is credited with coining the word 'Pakistan'?
ExplanationChoudhry Rahmat Ali coined the term 'Pakistan' in his 1933 pamphlet 'Now or Never.'
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Question 21 of 100
The Kharan Desert is located in which province?
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Question 22 of 100
How many provinces does Pakistan currently have?
ExplanationPakistan has four provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Balochistan.
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Question 23 of 100
Which statement correctly summarizes Pakistan's coastal geography?
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Question 24 of 100
Which is the highest peak of the Hindu Kush range within Pakistan?
ExplanationTirich Mir (7,708m), located in Chitral, is the highest peak of the Hindu Kush range.
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Question 25 of 100
Which is the second-largest city of Pakistan by population?
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Question 26 of 100
Which country lies to the north of Gilgit-Baltistan, across the Karakoram range?
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Question 27 of 100
Which of the following is NOT one of the five rivers traditionally associated with Punjab?
ExplanationThe Kabul River flows through Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and joins the Indus near Attock; it is not one of the five Punjab rivers.
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Question 28 of 100
The ceasefire line in Kashmir, later renamed the Line of Control, was first established following which conflict?
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Question 29 of 100
Khewra, home to one of the world's largest salt mines, is located near which city?
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Question 30 of 100
The Siachen Glacier, a site of long-running military dispute, is located in which general area?
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Question 31 of 100
Which mountain pass connects Pakistan with China along the Karakoram Highway?
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Question 32 of 100
Which of the following correctly pairs a province with its capital?
ExplanationOnly Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Peshawar is correctly paired; Sindh's capital is Karachi, Balochistan's is Quetta, and Punjab's is Lahore.
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Question 33 of 100
The Indus River originates from which region?
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Question 34 of 100
In which pamphlet did Choudhry Rahmat Ali first introduce the word 'Pakistan'?
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Question 35 of 100
Which is the highest peak of the Salt Range in Punjab?
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Question 36 of 100
Which is the largest city of Pakistan by population?
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Question 37 of 100
Which region of Gilgit-Baltistan is sometimes referred to as 'Little Tibet' due to its cultural and geographic similarities?
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Question 38 of 100
Which part of Pakistan generally experiences the coldest winters, with some areas remaining snow-covered for much of the year?
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Question 39 of 100
The 'One Unit' scheme, which merged the provinces of West Pakistan into a single administrative unit, was introduced in which year?
ExplanationThe One Unit scheme was implemented in 1955 and was later dissolved in 1970, restoring the separate provinces.
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Question 40 of 100
Which is the largest desert located (partly) within Pakistan?
ExplanationThe Thar Desert, straddling Pakistan's Sindh province and India, is the largest desert associated with Pakistan.
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Question 41 of 100
Which of Pakistan's international borders is the longest?
ExplanationPer commonly cited figures, the Pakistan-India border (approximately 2,912 km, including the LoC and working boundary) is longer than the Pakistan-Afghanistan border (approximately 2,670 km).
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Question 42 of 100
Approximately between which lines of longitude does Pakistan lie?
ExplanationPakistan lies roughly between 61 degrees E and 75 degrees E longitude.
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Question 43 of 100
The Arabian Sea, which borders Pakistan, is itself a part of which larger ocean?
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Question 44 of 100
Which city is often called the twin city of Islamabad?
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Question 45 of 100
K2 is located in which mountain range?
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Question 46 of 100
Which city served as Pakistan's first capital, from 1947 to 1959?
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Question 47 of 100
Which parts of Pakistan are generally known for extremely high summer temperatures, among the hottest recorded in the country?
ExplanationJacobabad (Sindh) and Sibi (Balochistan) are historically cited among the hottest recorded locations in Pakistan during summer.
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Question 48 of 100
The Potohar Plateau is located between which two rivers?
ExplanationThe Potohar Plateau, in northern Punjab, lies between the Indus and Jhelum rivers.
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Question 49 of 100
Pakistan's climate is generally best described as:
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Question 50 of 100
Which is the least populous province of Pakistan?
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Question 51 of 100
Which of the following best describes Pakistan's overall administrative structure?
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Question 52 of 100
What is the capital of Punjab province?
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Question 53 of 100
Which seaport near Karachi was built as a second, purpose-built deep-water port to ease congestion at Karachi Port?
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Question 54 of 100
Which is the largest province of Pakistan by area?
ExplanationBalochistan covers roughly 44% of Pakistan's total land area, making it by far the largest province.
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Question 55 of 100
Which of the following best describes the historical origin of the acronym-style meaning sometimes attributed to the word 'Pakistan'?
ExplanationRahmat Ali's original formulation combined letters representing Punjab, Afghania (NWFP), Kashmir, Sindh, and Balochistan, while the word also carries the Persian/Urdu meaning 'Land of the Pure.'
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Question 56 of 100
Which city serves as the federal capital of Pakistan?
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Question 57 of 100
How many major rivers, together with the Indus, historically gave Punjab its name (meaning 'land of five rivers')?
ExplanationThe five rivers of Punjab are the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, and Beas.
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Question 58 of 100
Which is the largest city of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province?
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Question 59 of 100
How many countries share a land border with Pakistan?
ExplanationPakistan borders Afghanistan, India, China, and Iran.
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Question 60 of 100
On what date did Pakistan come into existence as an independent state?
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Question 61 of 100
What is the total area of Pakistan when Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan are included?
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Question 62 of 100
Which mountain pass, part of the Karakoram Highway, is the highest paved international border crossing in the world?
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Question 63 of 100
The ancient archaeological site of Mohenjo-daro is located near which present-day city?
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Question 64 of 100
What is Pakistan Standard Time's offset relative to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)?
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Question 65 of 100
Which is the highest peak in Pakistan (and the second-highest in the world)?
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Question 66 of 100
What is the capital of Sindh province?
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Question 67 of 100
The Cholistan Desert is located primarily in which province?
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Question 68 of 100
What is the approximate height of K2?
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Question 69 of 100
What is the name commonly given to the Pakistan-Afghanistan border?
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Question 70 of 100
Which sea forms Pakistan's southern boundary?
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Question 71 of 100
Which season typically brings monsoon rains to most of Pakistan?
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Question 72 of 100
Which of the following is generally considered part of the Pakistan-administered Kashmir region, alongside Azad Jammu and Kashmir?
ExplanationGilgit-Baltistan, along with Azad Jammu and Kashmir, forms the Pakistan-administered portion of the wider, disputed Kashmir region.
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Question 73 of 100
Which is generally regarded as the largest tributary of the Indus River?
ExplanationThe Chenab is conventionally cited as the largest tributary of the Indus in terms of length and drainage basin.
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Question 74 of 100
What was the name of the eastern wing of Pakistan from 1947 until 1971, before it became Bangladesh?
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Question 75 of 100
What name is given to the ceasefire line separating Pakistan-administered and Indian-administered Kashmir?
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Question 76 of 100
Prior to independence, which of the following did NOT exist as one of the original provinces later forming West Pakistan?
ExplanationAt independence, West Pakistan comprised Punjab, Sindh, NWFP, and Balochistan; the Northern Areas (now Gilgit-Baltistan) were administered separately and were not a full province.
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Question 77 of 100
Which boundary commission was responsible for demarcating the border between India and Pakistan in 1947?
ExplanationChaired by Sir Cyril Radcliffe, this commission drew the boundary lines that became the India-Pakistan border, announced on 17 August 1947.
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Question 78 of 100
What is the total area of Pakistan, excluding Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan?
ExplanationPakistan's area comprising its four provinces and the Islamabad Capital Territory is officially 796,096 sq km.
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Question 79 of 100
What is the capital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa?
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Question 80 of 100
Which is the most populous province of Pakistan?
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Question 81 of 100
Which of the following is the correct order of Pakistan's provinces from largest to smallest by area?
ExplanationBy area: Balochistan (largest) > Punjab > Sindh > Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (smallest).
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Question 82 of 100
Which is the largest natural freshwater lake in Pakistan?
ExplanationManchar Lake, located in Sindh, is the largest natural freshwater lake in Pakistan.
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Question 83 of 100
The Balochistan coastline is also commonly known by which regional name?
ExplanationThe stretch of Balochistan's coastline along the Arabian Sea is generally known as the Makran Coast.
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Question 84 of 100
The Margalla Hills, a low mountain range, are located adjacent to which city?
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Question 85 of 100
Which Pakistani province shares borders with both Afghanistan and Iran?
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Question 86 of 100
What is the capital of Gilgit-Baltistan?
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Question 87 of 100
Which is the smallest province of Pakistan by area?
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Question 88 of 100
Approximately what is the total length of Pakistan's coastline?
ExplanationPakistan's coastline, spanning Sindh and Balochistan, is commonly cited as approximately 1,046 km long.
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Question 89 of 100
In which year was the agreement establishing the Durand Line signed?
ExplanationThe Durand Line was demarcated in 1893 under an agreement between Sir Mortimer Durand and the Amir of Afghanistan.
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Question 90 of 100
Northern Pakistan is notable for being the meeting point of which three great mountain ranges?
ExplanationThis convergence of the Himalayas, Karakoram, and Hindu Kush ranges occurs in the northern regions of Gilgit-Baltistan and Chitral.
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Question 91 of 100
Which is the largest dam in Pakistan, built on the Indus River?
ExplanationTarbela Dam is the largest earth-filled dam in the world and Pakistan's largest dam in terms of reservoir capacity.
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Question 92 of 100
Does Pakistan currently observe Daylight Saving Time (seasonal clock changes)?
ExplanationPakistan briefly reintroduced Daylight Saving Time in 2008-2009 before abandoning it, and has remained on standard time since.
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Question 93 of 100
Which city served as the interim capital of Pakistan while Islamabad was being constructed?
ExplanationRawalpindi served as the interim capital from 1959 to 1966, before the government moved to the newly built Islamabad.
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Question 94 of 100
Mangla Dam, one of Pakistan's major dams, is built on which river?
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Question 95 of 100
On what date was the Lahore Resolution (also known as the Pakistan Resolution) passed?
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Question 96 of 100
Approximately between which lines of latitude does Pakistan lie?
ExplanationPakistan lies roughly between 24 degrees N and 37 degrees N latitude.
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Question 97 of 100
A narrow strip of Afghan territory known as the Wakhan Corridor separates Pakistan from which country?
ExplanationThe Wakhan Corridor, a narrow extension of Afghanistan, separates Pakistan (Gilgit-Baltistan/Chitral) from Tajikistan.
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Question 98 of 100
What is the capital of Azad Jammu and Kashmir?
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Question 99 of 100
Which is the largest city of Balochistan province?
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Question 100 of 100
Which is the largest and most fertile plain of Pakistan, formed by the Indus River system?
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